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  • Bentley Prague’s Czech Squadron Tribute Unveiled

    Bentley Prague’s Czech Squadron Tribute Unveiled

    Honoring the Heroes Who Once Ruled the Skies

    Some cars celebrate craftsmanship. These honor courage.

    Bentley Prague has revealed a special Mulliner commission: the Czech Squadron Collection. It pays tribute to the brave Czech pilots who flew with the Royal Air Force in World War II. Their aircraft often relied on the Merlin engines built in Crewe — now the home of Bentley.

    Bentley Bentayga Czech Squadron Collection in Cypress Green parked outdoors against woodland background.Bentley Bentayga Czech Squadron Collection in Cypress Green parked outdoors against woodland background.
    Bentley Bentayga Czech Squadron Collection in Cypress Green parked outdoors against a woodland background.

    Created with the support of the UK Ministry of Defence, the collection includes four unique models. Each car features the insignia and motto of one of the wartime Czech squadrons. Every detail reflects history, pride, and Bentley’s bespoke artistry.

    “We wanted a theme close to our hearts,” says Jiří Halousek, Sales Manager at Bentley Prague. “Mulliner delivered more than we imagined.”

    The collection also celebrates the opening of Bentley Prague’s new showroom — a new chapter built on deep historic ties.

    Overhead view of Bentley Continental GTC Czech Squadron Collection interior in Cognac leather.Overhead view of Bentley Continental GTC Czech Squadron Collection interior in Cognac leather.
    The Flying Spur Squadron 313 edition at sunrise — elegance shaped by legacy and precision.

    The Four Squadrons, Reimagined in Luxury

    Continental GT Convertible — Squadron 310

    “We fight to rebuild”

    Squadron 310 was among the first RAF units flown by Czech airmen. They defended Britain in Hurricanes and later Spitfires, both powered by Merlin engines from Crewe.

    This GT Convertible wears Thunder — a steely blue inspired by Spitfire camouflage. Blackline details and 22-inch wheels finish the bold stance. Inside, Cognac and Imperial Blue hides set a refined contrast. Subtle herringbone charcoal tweed hints at classic aviation gear.

    A Spitfire profile and the squadron motto appear on the treadplates, while headrests carry the insignia laser-etched with precision.

    Bentayga — Squadron 311

    “Never regard their numbers”

    No. 311 Squadron served as the RAF’s Czech bomber squadron. It operated long-range Wellington and B-24 Liberator aircraft. Both are honored with silhouettes on the Bentayga’s treadplates.

    Bentley Flying Spur Czech Squadron Collection in Cypress and Anthracite exterior at dawn runway.Bentley Flying Spur Czech Squadron Collection in Cypress and Anthracite exterior at dawn runway.
    The Flying Spur Squadron 313 edition at sunrise — elegance shaped by legacy and precision.

    The Cypress Green exterior, dark accents, and black wheels reflect the aircraft’s wartime presence. Inside, Autumn and Cumbrian Green leathers create a warm yet commanding tone. Dark-tint brushed aluminum trim offers a technical, purposeful feel.

    This is a luxury SUV with the spirit of an aircraft on a mission.

    Continental GT — Squadron 312

    “Not many, but much”

    No. 312 Squadron flew fighters with sharp instincts and courage. This Continental GT channels that character. Its Barnato Green finish and Blackline specification make the design sleek and strong. Twenty-two-inch wheels add a modern edge.

    The interior uses Beluga and Anthracite hides with touches of Fern Green. Engine-turned detailing and rich tweed accents provide tactile depth. The Spitfire returns here as a proud emblem of service and skill.

    Flying Spur — Squadron 313

    “One hawk chases many crows.”

    This elegant Flying Spur represents Squadron 313 — the last Czech-crewed fighter squadron formed within the RAF.

    Its Cypress over Anthracite two-tone design creates presence with subtle authority. Blackline trim and 22-inch wheels complete the refined exterior.

    Inside, the palette becomes richer still: Gondola Green, Gravity Grey, and Beluga leather arranged in a four-seat layout with a full-length console. Open-pore Crown Cut Walnut veneers add timeless beauty. The result feels ceremonial — yet tailored for grand touring.

    A view from above: heritage-inspired craftsmanship meets modern Mulliner luxury.A view from above: heritage-inspired craftsmanship meets modern Mulliner luxury.
    A view from above: heritage-inspired craftsmanship meets modern Mulliner luxury.

    A Tribute Worthy of the Brave

    Bentley Prague’s Czech Squadron Collection merges heritage and modern mastery. It celebrates the men who fought for freedom and the engines that carried them. Most importantly, it shows how history can inspire even the finest of contemporary luxuries.

    A reminder that prestige is at its best when filled with purpose.

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  • Pain Relief Through Physical Therapy

    Pain Relief Through Physical Therapy

    Source: University of Utah, Health Sciences Center
    Related MedlinePlus Pages: Pain, Rehabilitation

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  • Chlorohydrin 3-MCPD in Bragg’s Liquid Aminos

    Chlorohydrin 3-MCPD in Bragg’s Liquid Aminos

    Chlorohydrin contaminates hydrolyzed vegetable protein products and refined oils.

    In 1978, chlorohydrins were found in protein hydrolysates. What does that mean? Proteins can be broken down into amino acids using a chemical process called hydrolysis, and free amino acids (like glutamate) can have taste-enhancing qualities. That’s how inexpensive soy sauce and seasonings like Bragg’s Liquid Aminos are made. This process requires high heat, high pressure, and hydrochloric acid to break apart the protein. The problem is that when any residual fat is exposed to these conditions, it can form toxic compounds called chlorohydrins, which are toxic at least to mice and rats.

    Chlorohydrins like 3-MCPD are considered “a worldwide problem of food chemistry,” but no long-term clinical studies on people have been reported to date. The concern is about the detrimental effects on the kidneys and fertility. In fact, there was a time 3-MCPD was considered as a potential male contraceptive because it could so affect sperm production, but research funding was withdrawn after “unacceptable side effects [were] observed in primates.” Researchers found flaccid testes in rats, which is what they were going for, but it caused neurological scars in monkeys.

    What do you do when there are no studies in humans? How do you set some kind of safety factor? It isn’t easy, but you can take the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) in animal studies, which, in this case, was kidney damage, add in some kind of fudge factor, and then arrive at an estimated tolerable daily intake (TDI). For 3-MCPD, this means that high-level consumers of soy sauce may exceed the limit. This was based on extraordinarily high contamination levels, though. Since that study, Europe introduced a regulatory limit of 20 parts per billion (ppb) of 3-MCPD in hydrolyzed vegetable protein products like liquid aminos and soy sauce. The U.S. standards are much laxer, though, setting a “guidance level” of up to 50 times more, 1,000 parts per billion.

    I called Bragg’s to see where it fell, and the good news is that it is doing an independent, third-party analysis of its liquid aminos for 3-MCPD. The bad news is that, despite my pleas that it be fully transparent, Bragg’s wouldn’t let me share the results with you. I have seen them, though, but I’m only allowed to confirm they comfortably meet the U.S. standards but fail to meet the European standards.

    This is just the start of the 3-MCPD story, though. A study in Italy tested individuals’ urine for 3-MCPD or its metabolites, and 100% of the people turned up positive, confirming that it’s “a widespread food contaminant.” But 100% of people aren’t consuming soy sauce or liquid aminos every day. Remember, the chemical results from a reaction with residual vegetable oil. When vegetable oil itself is refined, when it’s deodorized and bleached, those conditions also lead to the formation of 3-MCPD.

    Indeed, we’ve known for years that various foods are contaminated. In what kinds of foods have these kinds of chemicals been detected? Well, if they’re in oils and fats, then they’re in greasy foods made from them: margarine, baked goods, pastries, deep-fried foods, fatty snacks like potato and corn chips, as well as infant formula.

    The U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s limit for soy sauce is 1,000 ppb, but donuts can have more than 1,200 ppb, salami more than 1,500 ppb, ham nearly 3,000 ppb, and French fries in excess of 6,000 ppb, as seen here and at 4:03 in my video The Side Effects of 3-MCPD in Bragg’s Liquid Aminos.

    Most of us don’t have to worry about this problem, unless we’re consumers of fried food. Someone weighing about 150 pounds, for example, who eats 116 grams of donuts, would exceed the European Food Safety Authority’s TDI, even if those donuts were the person’s only source of exposure. That’s about two donuts, but the same limit-blowing amount of 3-MCPD could be found in only five French fries.

    Doctor’s Note

    Believe me, I pleaded with the Bragg’s folks over and over. It’s curious to me that Bragg’s allowed me to talk about where its level of 3-MCPD fell compared to the standards but not say the number itself. At least it’s doing third-party testing.

    Learn more about this topic in my video 3-MCPD in Refined Cooking Oils.

    You can also check out Friday Favorites: The Side Effects of 3-MCPD in Bragg’s Liquid Aminos and Refined Cooking Oils.



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  • How Misinterpreting Data Fuels Fake Science News and How to Spot It

    How Misinterpreting Data Fuels Fake Science News and How to Spot It

    In the digital age, the accurate interpretation of scientific data is more critical than ever, yet science misinformation continues to spread widely. This misinformation, often fueled by the misinterpretation of data, can distort public understanding, cause harm, and undermine trust in credible science.

    By exploring how data misuse fuels fake science news and misinformation, this article aims to equip readers with the tools to interpret data correctly and identify misleading information confidently.

    What Is Data Misinterpretation in Science?

    Data misinterpretation occurs when scientific findings or statistics are misunderstood, presented out of context, or selectively reported. This can happen accidentally through errors or a lack of scientific literacy, or intentionally to push specific agendas. Misinterpreted data leads to misinformation when claims presented contradict the accepted scientific consensus or oversimplify complex findings.

    For instance, cherry-picking favorable results or ignoring uncertainty can distort the reality of a scientific issue. It is crucial to distinguish misinformation, false or misleading information spread without harmful intent, from disinformation, which is deliberately deceptive, and fake science news, which deliberately fabricates or misrepresents scientific facts.​

    Why Does Data Misinterpretation Lead to Misinformation?

    The rapid spread of information through social media and other online platforms accelerates the sharing of misinterpreted data. Sensationalized headlines, oversimplified summaries, or the omission of important methodological details make science news more attention-grabbing but less accurate.

    This competition for human attention prioritizes shocking or emotionally charged content over nuanced truth. As a result, misinformation rooted in misunderstood scientific data can quickly become dominant in public discourse. This phenomenon not only misleads individuals but also erodes confidence in science itself, making collective action on important issues such as public health and climate change more challenging.​

    How Can You Spot Misinterpreted Data or Fake Science News?

    Critical thinking and careful evaluation are key to recognizing faulty interpretations of data. Here are some tips:

    • Verify Original Sources: Ensure the data comes directly from reputable scientific studies or institutions, rather than secondary summaries.
    • Context Matters: Assess whether the data are presented in their full context, including sample size, methods, limitations, and uncertainty.
    • Beware Cherry-Picking: Look out for the selective use of data points that support a claim while ignoring contradictory evidence.
    • Credibility Check: Consider the expertise and reliability of the source reporting the scientific claims.
    • Statistical Literacy: Understand basic statistics to spot misuse, such as confusing correlation with causation or misunderstanding p-values.
    • Sensational Headlines: Be cautious of oversimplified or dramatic titles that may misrepresent the actual findings.​

    What Are Common Signs of Science Misinformation?

    Fake science news or misinformation often resembles legitimate scientific reporting but lacks rigor. Common signs include exaggerated claims, ignoring contradictory data, and reliance on anecdotal evidence.

    Misinformation frequently uses complex jargon to sound authoritative but does not explain the underlying data or methodology. It may also exploit societal fears or biases to gain traction, leading to the spread of falsehoods that appear plausible but are factually incorrect.​

    How Can Interpreting Data Correctly Improve Science Communication?

    Enhancing scientific literacy and data interpretation skills improves the public’s ability to discern credible science from misinformation. Scientific communication benefits when complex data is explained accurately, including both the strengths and uncertainties of the findings.

    Educators, journalists, and scientists can help by using clear language, providing context, and promoting skepticism toward unverified claims. Tools like critical appraisal checklists and inoculation against misinformation tactics help build resilience against fake science news. These efforts support informed decision-making and foster trust in scientific institutions.​

    What Are the Challenges in Combating Science Misinformation?

    Misinformation thrives in a fast-changing digital environment marked by algorithmic amplification and echo chambers. Social media bots and coordinated campaigns can rapidly spread disinformation. Additionally, gaps in public access to reliable scientific information, as well as language or cultural barriers, exacerbate the problem.

    Correcting misinformation is difficult since repeated exposure strengthens false beliefs, and retractions rarely reach as wide an audience. Finally, societal mistrust and political polarization pose significant hurdles to effective science communication and to the mitigation of misinformation.​

    Data misinterpretation is a major driver of science misinformation and fake science news, posing considerable challenges to public understanding and trust in science. By recognizing the signs of misinterpreted data and adopting critical evaluation strategies, individuals can better navigate the complex information landscape.

    Strengthening science education and promoting transparent, accurate scientific communication are essential to combating misinformation and building a society that values evidence-based knowledge.

    This comprehensive approach supports the goal of ensuring that the public has access to truthful and reliable scientific information, empowering informed choices on critical issues affecting health and the environment in today’s information age.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    1. How does science misinformation impact the economy?

    Science misinformation disrupts markets, damages brand reputations, and increases costs for fact-checking and misinformation policing, leading to financial losses for businesses.​

    2. Are certain communities more vulnerable to science misinformation?

    Yes, groups facing language barriers, low digital literacy, or systemic mistrust are more exposed and susceptible to science misinformation.​

    3. What role does social media play in spreading fake science news?

    Social media amplifies fake science news through sharing, algorithm-driven content, and echo chambers, making misinformation spread faster and wider.​

    4. How effective are fact-checking and psychological inoculation in combating science misinformation?

    Fact-checking and inoculation help correct false beliefs and build resistance, but face challenges such as limited reach and varying audience susceptibility.



    Originally published on Science Times

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  • Nerve Soothe

    Nerve Soothe

    Product Name: Nerve Soothe

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  • We’re Hardwired to Doubt—And It’s a Good Thing

    We’re Hardwired to Doubt—And It’s a Good Thing

    Doubt helps us avoid acting on every passing idea which can prevent us from participating in certain types of risk.

    The post We’re Hardwired to Doubt—And It’s a Good Thing appeared first on Mindful.

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  • The 5-Minute Fashion Fix: Quick Style Tips for Busy Lives

    The 5-Minute Fashion Fix: Quick Style Tips for Busy Lives

    Introduction to The 5-Minute Fashion Fix

    In today’s fast-paced world, time is of the essence. Between juggling work, social life, and personal responsibilities, it can be challenging to find the time to focus on one’s fashion sense. However, looking good and feeling confident can greatly impact one’s day-to-day life. That’s where the 5-minute fashion fix comes in – quick, easy, and effective style tips that can be implemented in no more than a few minutes. In this article, we’ll explore the best ways to upgrade your style without sacrificing your busy schedule.

    Understanding the Importance of Fashion in Daily Life

    Fashion is often seen as a hobby or an interest, but it plays a significant role in our daily lives. The way we dress can influence how others perceive us, and more importantly, how we perceive ourselves. When we look good, we feel good, and that confidence boost can translate into various aspects of our lives, from our careers to our social interactions. However, for those with busy lives, finding the time to put together an outfit or follow the latest trends can seem daunting. The 5-minute fashion fix is designed to bridge this gap, providing practical advice for incorporating fashion into a hectic lifestyle.

    Simplifying Your Wardrobe: The Foundation of Quick Style

    Before diving into quick style tips, it’s essential to have a solid foundation – a simplified wardrobe. A cluttered and disorganized closet can make getting dressed in the morning a frustrating experience. The first step in the 5-minute fashion fix is to streamline your wardrobe. This involves paring down your clothes to the essentials: pieces that are versatile, fit well, and can be mixed and matched to create multiple outfits. Consider adopting a capsule wardrobe approach, where you focus on a limited number of high-quality, timeless items that can be easily combined.

    5-Minute Morning Routines for a Stylish You

    The morning is often the most challenging time for those with busy lives, as it sets the tone for the rest of the day. Implementing a quick and effective morning routine can make a significant difference in how you look and feel. Here are a few 5-minute morning routines to get you started:

    • The 5-Minute Face: Focus on enhancing your natural features with a quick skincare routine and minimal makeup. A moisturizer, a swipe of mascara, and a lip balm can work wonders.

    • Hair in a Hurry: For a stylish and easy hairdo, consider a low bun or a simple ponytail. These styles are not only quick but also versatile and suitable for most occasions.

    • Dress to Impress: Keep a few outfits ready in your simplified wardrobe. These can be mixed and matched to create new looks. Aim for outfits that can be dressed up or down, depending on your schedule for the day.

    Quick Style Tips for Any Occasion

    Not every day is the same, and our outfits should reflect the activities and events we have planned. Here are some quick style tips for common occasions:

    • Workwear in a Flash: Invest in a few statement pieces like a quality blazer or a classic watch. These can instantly elevate a simple outfit and make it more professional.

    • From Work to Play: Transitioning from a day at the office to a night out with friends doesn’t have to be complicated. Adding a bold piece of jewelry or changing into a pair of heels can quickly transform your look.

    • Casual Chic: For those laid-back weekends, focus on comfortable yet stylish pieces. A good pair of jeans, a crisp white shirt, and sneakers can create a chic and effortless look.

    Accessories: The Ultimate 5-Minute Fix

    Accessories have the power to completely transform an outfit. They can add a pop of color, texture, and interest to even the simplest of ensembles. When it comes to the 5-minute fashion fix, accessories are your best friend. Here are some tips on how to use accessories to elevate your style quickly:

    • Bags and Purses: A good bag can make or break an outfit. Consider investing in a few high-quality, versatile bags that can be used for different occasions.

    • Jewelry: A statement piece of jewelry can instantly elevate a simple outfit. Whether it’s a bold necklace, earrings, or a watch, jewelry can add a touch of personality to your look.

    • Shoes: Shoes can completely change the vibe of an outfit. Keep a few pairs of versatile shoes in your wardrobe, such as loafers, boots, and sneakers, to quickly adapt your look to different situations.

    The Power of Layering

    Layering is a simple yet effective way to add depth and interest to an outfit. It’s also a great strategy for adapting to changing temperatures or dressing for different occasions. Here’s how you can use layering as part of your 5-minute fashion fix:

    • Start with a Base: A simple tee or tank top is a great base layer. Look for high-quality, breathable fabrics that will keep you comfortable.

    • Add a Mid-Layer: A sweater, cardigan, or denim jacket can add a versatile mid-layer to your outfit. These pieces can be easily added or removed as needed.

    • Finish with a Statement: A leather jacket, blazer, or coat can make a great final layer. These statement pieces can elevate your outfit and add a touch of sophistication.

    Conclusion

    The 5-minute fashion fix is all about incorporating quick, easy, and effective style tips into your busy life. By simplifying your wardrobe, adopting quick morning routines, and utilizing accessories and layering, you can look and feel great without sacrificing too much of your valuable time. Remember, fashion is about expressing yourself and feeling confident in what you wear. With these tips, you can achieve a stylish and chic look in no more than a few minutes, making it possible to enjoy the benefits of fashion even on the most hectic of days.

    FAQs

    Q: How can I simplify my wardrobe for the 5-minute fashion fix?

    A: Start by paring down your clothes to the essentials: pieces that are versatile, fit well, and can be mixed and matched. Consider adopting a capsule wardrobe approach for a more streamlined and efficient wardrobe.

    Q: What are some essential accessories for a quick style fix?

    A: Essential accessories include a good watch, quality handbags, versatile shoes, and statement pieces of jewelry. These can instantly elevate an outfit and add a touch of personality to your look.

    Q: How can I layer my clothing for a stylish look?

    A: Start with a base layer such as a tee or tank top, add a mid-layer like a sweater or denim jacket, and finish with a statement piece like a blazer or coat. Layering can add depth and interest to an outfit and is a great way to adapt to different occasions and temperatures.

    Q: Are there any specific style tips for transitioning from work to a night out?

    A: Yes, adding a bold piece of jewelry, changing into a pair of heels, or swapping your bag for a smaller, more evening-appropriate option can quickly transform your workwear into a night-out look.

    Q: How can I ensure my 5-minute fashion fix is also budget-friendly?

    A: Focus on investing in high-quality, timeless pieces rather than trendy items. Also, consider shopping during sales, looking for discounts, and mixing high-end pieces with more affordable options to create a budget-friendly yet stylish wardrobe.

  • Dietary Supplement Sold at Sam’s Club Recalled as Salmonella Sickens 11 People

    Dietary Supplement Sold at Sam’s Club Recalled as Salmonella Sickens 11 People

    Sam’s Club is recalling all Member’s Mark “Super Greens” dietary supplement powders after a multistate salmonella outbreak sickened 11 people, federal health officials announced Friday.

    Three of those affected have been hospitalized, and the illnesses span seven states, including Florida, Kansas, Michigan, North Carolina, New York, South Carolina, and Virginia.

    The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) traced the outbreak to a single lot of organic moringa leaf powder imported from Vallon Farm Direct PVT LTD in Jodhpur, India.

    The moringa powder had been distributed to multiple suppliers across the country, ultimately reaching Sam’s Club stores nationwide and online.

    “The health and safety of our members is our top priority,” Sam’s Club said in a statement on November 3.

    “We moved quickly to remove this product from our impacted clubs as soon as we were notified by the supplier.”

    All Member’s Mark “Super Greens” powders are included in the recall, regardless of lot code or “best by” date, USA Today reported.

    Consumers in possession of the product are urged not to eat it and are advised to discard it or return it to the place of purchase for a full refund.


    FDA Probes Broader Moringa Recall

    Salmonella infections usually appear within 12 to 72 hours after consumption and can last four to seven days.

    Symptoms include diarrhea, fever, stomach cramps, and severe vomiting.

    According to the FDA, young children, older adults, and people with weakened immune systems are at the highest risk of severe illness.

    State health officials in Virginia and Michigan confirmed the presence of salmonella by testing samples collected from the homes of those who fell ill.

    The outbreak has been reported in cases dating from May to September. While most people recover without treatment, severe infections can require hospitalization, which happened in three of the 11 confirmed cases.

    According to AP News, Moringa, a plant native to India, is commonly used for its nutritional benefits, including protein, vitamins, minerals, and amino acids. Its dried leaves are often sold in powder form as a dietary supplement.

    The FDA cautioned that more products could be recalled as the investigation continues to determine if additional batches of moringa powder were contaminated.

    “Consumers should not eat the supplements and should throw them away or return them to the store for a refund,” the agency advised.

    Originally published on vcpost.com



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  • What types of activities are involved with rehabilitation medicine? | NICHD

    What types of activities are involved with rehabilitation medicine? | NICHD

    Rehabilitation medicine uses many kinds of assistance, therapies, and devices to improve function. The type of rehabilitation a person receives depends on the condition causing impairment, the bodily function that is affected, and the severity of the impairment.

    The following are some common types of rehabilitation:1, 2, 3, 4, 5

    • Cognitive rehabilitation therapy involves relearning or improving skills, such as thinking, learning, memory, planning, and decision making that may have been lost or affected by brain injury.
    • Occupational therapy helps a person carry out daily life tasks and activities in the home, workplace, and community.
    • Pharmacorehabilitation involves the use of drugs to improve or restore physical or mental function.
    • Physical therapy involves activities and exercises to improve the body’s movements, sensations, strength, and balance.
    • Rehabilitative/assistive technology refers to tools, equipment, and products that help people with disabilities move and function. This technology includes (but is not limited to):
      • Orthotics, which are devices that aim to improve movement and prevent contracture in the upper and lower limbs. For instance, pads inserted into a shoe, specially fitted shoes, or ankle or leg braces can improve a person’s ability to walk. Hand splints and arm braces can help the upper limbs remain supple and unclenched after a spinal cord injury.
      • Prosthetics, which are devices designed to replace a missing body part, such as an artificial limb
      • Wheelchairs, walkers, crutches, and other mobility aids
      • Augmentative/Alternative Communication (AAC) devices, which aim to either make a person’s communication more understandable or take the place of a communication method. They can include electronic devices, speech-generating devices, and picture boards.
      • Hearing aids and cochlear implants
      • Retinal prostheses, which can restore useful vision in cases in which it has been lost due to certain degenerative eye conditions
      • Telemedicine and telerehab technologies, which are devices or software to deliver care or monitor conditions in the home or community
      • Rehabilitation robotics
      • Mobile apps to assist with speech/communication, anxiety/stress, memory, and other functions or symptoms6
    • Recreational therapy helps improve symptoms and social and emotional well-being through arts and crafts, games, relaxation training, and animal-assisted therapy.
    • Speech and language therapy aims to improve impaired swallowing and movement of the mouth and tongue, as well as difficulties with the voice, language, and talking.
    • Surgery includes procedures to correct a misaligned limb or to release a constricted muscle, skin grafts for burns, insertion of chips into the brain to assist with limb or prosthetic movement, and placement of skull plates or bone pins.
    • Vocational rehabilitation aids in building skills for going to school or working at a job.
    • Music or art therapy can specifically aid in helping people express emotion, in cognitive development, or in helping to develop social connectedness.7

    These services are provided by a number of different healthcare providers and specialists, including (but not limited to):

    • Physiatrists (also called rehabilitation physicians)
    • Occupational therapists
    • Physical therapists
    • Cognitive rehabilitation therapists
    • Gait and clinical movement specialist
    • Rehabilitation technologists
    • Speech therapists
    • Audiologists
    • Orthopedists/surgeons
    • Neurologists
    • Psychiatrists/psychologists
    • Biomedical engineers
    • Rehabilitation engineers

    Citations

    1. NIH Clinical Center (2013). Rehabilitation Medicine. Retrieved August 21, 2014, from http://www.cc.nih.gov/rmd/
    2. Medline Plus. (2013). Prosthesis. Retrieved August 21, 2014, from https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002286.htm
    3. University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. (2014). Intestinal Rehabilitation. Retrieved August 21, 2014, from https://www.upmc.com/services/transplant/intestinal/rehabilitation external link
    4. The Society for Cognitive Rehabilitation. (2013). What is Cognitive Rehab Therapy? Retrieved September 3, 2014, from https://www.societyforcognitiverehab.org/what_is_cognitive_rehab.php external link
    5. American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons. (2014). Orthotics. Retrieved September 3, 2014, from https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/treatment/orthotics external link
    6. BrainLine.org. (2014). Life-Changing Mobile Apps for People with Brain Injury. Retrieved April 13, 2015, from https://www.brainline.org/article/life-changing-apps-people-brain-injury external link
    7. National Rehabilitation Information Center. (2010). Art and music therapy in rehab and beyond. Retrieved April 20, 2015, from http://www.naric.com/?q=en/content/art-and-music-therapy-rehab-and-beyond external link

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  • Treat the Cause

    Treat the Cause

    Treat the underlying cause of chronic lifestyle diseases.

    It’s been said that more than 2,000 years ago, Hippocrates declared, “Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food.” In actuality, it appears that he never actually said those words, but there’s “no doubt about the relevance of food…and its role in health and disease states” in his writings. Regardless, 2,000 years ago, disease was thought to arise from a bad sense of “humors,” as you can see here and at 0:32 in my video Lifestyle and Disease Prevention: Your DNA Is Not Your Destiny.

    Now, we have science, and there is “an overwhelming body of clinical and epidemiological evidence illustrating the dramatic impact of a healthy lifestyle on reducing all-cause mortality”—meaning death from all causes put together—“and preventing chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and cancer.” But don’t those diseases just run in our family? What if we just have bad genes?

    According to the esteemed former chair of nutrition at Harvard, for most of the diseases that have contributed “importantly” to mortality in Western peoples, we’ve long known that non-genetic factors often account for at least 80% to 90% of risk. We know this because rates of the leading killers, like major cancers and cardiovascular diseases, vary up to 100-fold around the world, and, “when groups migrate from low- to high-risk countries, their disease rates almost always change to those of the new environment.” Modifiable behavioral factors have been identified, “including specific aspects of diet, overweight, inactivity, and smoking that account for over 70% of stroke and colon cancer, over 80% of coronary heart disease, and over 90% of adult-onset [type 2] diabetes”—diseases that can largely be prevented by our own actions.

    If most of the power is in our own hands, why do we allocate massively more resources to treatment than prevention? And speaking of prevention, “even preventive strategies are heavily biased towards pharmacology rather than supporting improvements in diet and lifestyle that could be more cost-effective. For example, treatment of [high] serum cholesterol with statins alone could cost approximately 30 billion dollars per year in the United States and would have only a modest impact on coronary heart disease incidence. The inherent problem is that most pharmacologic strategies don’t address the underlying causes of ill health in Western countries, which are not drug deficiencies.”

    Ironically, the chronic diseases that are most amenable to lifestyle treatment are the same ones most profitably treated by drugs. Why? If you don’t change your diet, you have to pop the pills every day for the rest of your life. So, the cash-cow drugs are the very drugs we need the least. “Even though the most widely accepted, well-established chronic disease practice guidelines uniformly call for lifestyle change as the first line of therapy, physicians often do not follow these recommendations.” “By ignoring the root causes of disease and neglecting to prioritize lifestyle measures for prevention, the medical community is placing people at harm.”

    “Traditional medical care relies primarily on the application of pharmacologic and surgical interventions after the development of illness,” whereas lifestyle medicine relies primarily on “the use of optimal nutrition (a whole foods, plant-based diet) and exercise in the prevention, arrest, and reversal of chronic conditions leading to premature disability and death. It looks in a holistic way at the underlying causes of illness.”

    Dr. Adriane Fugh-Berman, director of PharmedOut, a wonderful organization I’m proud to support, wrote a great editorial entitled “Doctors Must Not Be Lapdogs to Drug Firms.” “The illusion that the relationship between medicine and the drug industry is collegial, professional, and personal is carefully maintained by the drug industry, which actually views all transactions with physicians in finely calculated financial terms…The drug industry is happy to play the generous and genial uncle until physicians want to discuss subjects that are off limits, such as the benefits of diet or exercise, or the relationship between medicine and pharmaceutical companies…Let us not be a lapdog to Big Pharma. Rather than sitting contentedly in our master’s lap, let us turn around and bite something tender.”

    Doctor’s Note

    The organization I mentioned, PharmedOut, is a project of Georgetown University Medical Center.

    For more on Lifestyle Medicine, see related videos below.



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