Health Journal Online

Category: Mental Health

  • Formal vs. Informal Mindfulness: 2 Ways to Practice

    Formal vs. Informal Mindfulness: 2 Ways to Practice

    In this 2-minute video, meditation teacher Christiane Wolf explains what “formal” and “informal” mean when it comes to mindfulness.

    If you’ve heard the terms “formal mindfulness” or “informal mindfulness,” you might have been left scratching your head. Isn’t mindfulness just mindfulness? Yes, it is—and it can still refer to different kinds of practices. 

    In this short video, meditation teacher and author Christiane Wolf offers simple definitions of formal and informal mindfulness. Within each of these terms, there’s an abundance of ways to come home to the present moment. As Sharon Salzberg wrote in her book Real Happiness: “Mindfulness isn’t difficult, we just need to remember to do it.”

    What Is Formal Mindfulness Practice?

    Formal practice is what we call every type of practice where you really take the time to do nothing but this particular practice or meditation at that moment. (Formal mindfulness meditation usually includes a clear structure or framework, such as steps to follow, a beginning and an end, and/or techniques that are an integral part of the practice.) That could be when you do a five-minute breathing meditation, or it could be when you do a body scan, or when you do formal walking meditation. Any of these examples would be “formal” meditation. 

    The idea with formal practice is that you’re really only focusing on your given object of meditation during that time. Your focus could be on the sensations of the breath going in and out of the body, the sound of your feet on the floor, or the movements of walking.

    Examples of Formal Mindfulness

    For some beginner-friendly formal practices, try these guided meditations:

    What Is Informal Mindfulness Practice?

    Informal practice, on the other hand, is about bringing the same quality of kind, open attention to whatever you’re already doing in your day, whether it’s petting your cat, opening your car door, or brushing your teeth. It’s really the idea that you bring all your attention and all your senses to this particular moment.

    Being mindfully aware through informal practice does not take any extra time. If you see it from this point of view, then suddenly you have an opportunity to practice mindfulness in every moment that you are awake—and, of course, in every moment that you remember.

    Examples of Informal Mindfulness

    For a few ideas for how to easily integrate informal mindfulness into your day-to-day activities, check out the following:



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  • A Meditation to Get Into the Flow of Sensations

    A Meditation to Get Into the Flow of Sensations

    This week, Toby Sola guides us through a practice to hone attention and tap into the effervescent joy of flow state.

    You may have heard of “impermanence” as an important theme in meditation practice. In this guided practice, Toby Sola introduces us to the ease of flow state with two simple but profound techniques: exploring impermanence directly by noticing changes in our body sensations, and using labels to hone concentration. 

    Note that this meditation includes long pauses of complete silence as part of the practice. If you want more time, feel free to pause the recording as you go.

    A Meditation to Get Into the Flow of Sensations

    Read and practice the guided meditation script below, pausing after each paragraph. Or listen to the audio practice.

    1. In this guided meditation, we’ll explore the theme of flow. Let your legs relax. Let your pelvis be heavy. Lengthen your spine and neck. Tuck in the chin a little. Relax the face. Relax the shoulders, arms, and hands. Relax the belly. 
    2. Next, bring your attention to any body sensations. Maybe you feel the touch of your clothes. The expansion and contraction of your chest as you breathe. Or an emotion in your belly. It’s all good, just bring your attention to whatever you’re feeling in the body. 
    3. If your attention is pulled to sounds, thoughts, or other experiences, that’s okay. The distractions don’t have to go away. Just let them come and go in the background of your awareness and bring the spotlight of your attention back to the body.
    4. As you focus on body sensations, see if you can notice any changes. For example, a body sensation beginning or ending. A body sensation getting more intense or less intense. A body sensation changing in size. A body sensation vibrating or undulating.
    5. Now, let’s add labels. A label is a word or phrase that briefly describes what you’re focusing on. There are many label systems, but here’s how we’ll use labels for this practice. As you focus on body sensations, if you’re noticing a change, say flow. And if you’re not noticing a change, say stable. You can say labels out loud or in your head. The pace should be steady and the tone should be calm and matter of fact. I’ll give an example of what it can sound like, and then give you a chance to try it for yourself. 
    6. If you’re spacing out a lot, speak the labels out loud. Spoken labels can help you keep concentration. Make sure to say either flow or stable about once every 15 seconds, depending on whether you’re noticing a change in your body sensations.
    7. Now, just keep practicing. Notice sensations, notice changes or sameness, and label them silently or out loud. (The audio for this meditation ends here.) 
    8. Continue noticing and labeling for another minute or two. Eventually, you should notice a sense of ease, like you’re bobbing gently in a flowing river of attention.
    9. When you’re ready, take a few breaths to conclude your practice, and gently return to your regular day.



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  • Allow the Storm to Pass

    Allow the Storm to Pass

    In this practice, Scott Rogers guides us to take the role of observer to difficult emotions, so that we can more easily create the space we need to let them go.

    Sometimes we can see our intense emotions coming, and sometimes we can’t. Emotions can build up, increasing in strength slowly. At other times, they crash down on us all at once. We can get lost in our emotions, swept up in a feeling. They can be beautiful and they can be scary. In all of these ways, emotions are like storms. As such we need to allow the storm to pass.

    Let’s look to different aspects of the hurricane and see how they connect to our own thoughts, feelings, and sensations.  

    The good news is that we can allow the storm to pass, and so do emotions. With mindfulness, we can practice taking the role of observer to our strong feelings. When we put that space between ourselves and the whirlwinds, we can find stability and cultivate resilience. Scott Rogers leads us in this guided practice with the metaphor of a hurricane to help us recognize the qualities and the impermanence of even our stormiest emotions. 

    A 12-Minute Meditation for Emotional Resilience

    1. We begin this 12-minute mindfulness practice by bringing ourselves into a posture that’s upright and stable. We lower or close our eyes and bring our attention to our body sitting in the chair. 
    2. As we breathe, we are aware of where our bottom meets the seat of the chair and of where our back meets the back of the chair. We are aware of our feet and where they make contact with the ground, our shoes, or our socks. We are aware of the sensations of the body, of the hands resting one in the other or on our lap. We are aware of the fingertips, the palms, the points of contact, as we begin this practice by coming to our senses as we breathe.
    3. At times, things can become intense and quickly turn, much like a hurricane, so this practice will draw upon the metaphor of a hurricane to help us understand our own true nature. It can help us understand the ways that mindfulness practice can be helpful in observing our nature moment by moment. That observation can create spaciousness around the tumultuousness that can arise during the course of our day and at times throughout our life. 
    4. We take three slow, deep breaths. A little slower and a little deeper than we might otherwise take. Inhale and exhale. Inhale and exhale. Inhale and exhale. 
    5. The hurricane arises when the conditions are sufficient for it to come together and, in time, it dissipates, much like our own emotional conditions. So, let’s look at a few of the different aspects of the hurricane and see how they connect to our own thoughts, feelings, and sensations, and the spaciousness and ease that we can find with agitated thoughts, feelings, and sensations. In this way, we can allow the storm to pass. 
    6. There are times when we experience agitation and frustration in the body, much like the strong, gusty winds and heavy rains that feed into the hurricane. We might reflect for a moment on times when we have felt that intensity in the body—that tension, that tightness.
    7. Thoughts arise from time to time that can be judgmental, pessimistic, and reactive, like the outflow of high-level clouds that intensify the hurricane as they move away from it. We might take note of thoughts that arise in our mind now, or thoughts that have arisen today, that carry that judgmental, harsh, reactive quality. Just notice these thoughts as we breathe. 
    8. There are moments we experience intense emotions like anger and fear that are akin to the eye wall, the extreme conditions that form around the eye of the hurricane. You may notice these arising now, perhaps because of the circumstances of the day, or that they arise on a fairly regular basis. 
    9. And so, too, there are times we experience inner calm, much as is found within the eye of the storm. This is a reminder that we don’t have to have the intense and agitated thoughts, feelings, and sensations go away to find that inner calm, that inner tranquility. By shifting to an observing state, we find freedom from the intensity of those thoughts, feelings, and sensations. It’s like finding our way into the eye of the storm,  into a place of our own safe refuge without needing anything to change. 
    10. Let us settle into the body, aware of thoughts, aware of feelings that will come and go, aware of the sensations in the body, aware of preserving and allowing the breath to anchor us a little bit more fully, to steady us a little bit more comfortably into the moments of this practice. In doing so, we begin to develop and cultivate a resilience to steady us in the moments of our life. 
    11. Breathe in and out, allowing this moment to be as it is. When, from time to time, the mind wanders, gently return to the sensations of the breath flowing through the body. When you’re ready in the next moment or two, with awareness, lift the gaze, open the eyes. 



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  • Will My Well-Being Increase If I Meditate?

    Will My Well-Being Increase If I Meditate?

    The question that nearly all prospective meditators have: Will you actually have greater health and well-being if you meditate? Mindfulness teacher Steven Hickman addresses the question from a scientific (and pragmatic) perspective.

    Q: I keep hearing that science has proven the benefits of mindfulness meditation. Is that a thoroughly accurate statement? Does research show, in a way that’s objectively measurable, that your well-being will increase if you meditate?

    A: Science can’t definitively show anything, especially when it comes to human experience. That’s not to impugn the value of science, but to note its limitations. Science does its best to predict outcomes in the future based on observations of the past. With meditation science, there is a large and growing body of research that suggests the odds are good that meditation practice will have a generally salutary and positive impact on someone who practices it regularly.

    But science works with statistics and probabilities, usually regarding groups, so that what happens for 80% of the population, for example, doesn’t translate into an 80% chance that you will experience it. Statistics can be misleading. If you roll a die five times and each time it comes up as a 5, when you roll that die again, what are the chances you will get another 5? The same as all the other times: 1 in 6.

    So, putting the statistics lesson aside, we all know that life is uncertain. The same is true with meditation, but research does suggest that certain practices and programs do seem to have a measurable, and in some cases, clearly observable positive effect on things like mood, well-being, and self-compassion, among others.

    My advice would be to let this science lead you to be a skeptic, which means to explore the practice with an open, curious mind that has let go of preconceived notions.

    Back to your question: Will your well-being increase if you meditate? My advice would be to let this science lead you to be a skeptic, which means to explore the practice with an open, curious mind that has let go of preconceived notions. As I like to tell my students: Don’t take my word for anything. Let your own experience be your guide.

    This article appeared in the February 2018 issue of Mindful magazine.



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  • Awareness in Action: Rethinking ADHD Through Mindfulness

    Awareness in Action: Rethinking ADHD Through Mindfulness

    Practicing mindfulness and compassion helps us see our lives more clearly. Instead of staying caught up in unskillful habits and reactivity, it encourages us to live with more awareness and intention. While mindfulness and compassion serve a uniquely supportive role in ADHD care, anyone can benefit from a similar approach.

    ADHD is not what most people think. Correctly diagnosed, it is a confirmed medical condition; the genetics of ADHD are nearly as strong as the genetics that predict height.  ADHD undermines a wide-ranging skill set called executive function, which represents self-management abilities including attention, behavior, time, tasks, effort, and emotion.  

    While everyone has their emotional ups and downs in life, it is our executive function abilities that allow us to navigate them effectively.   Therefore ADHD often leads to escalating challenges with emotional dysregulation, self-criticism, and stress.  It even undermines the planning skills one would use to manage ADHD itself.  Because of that cycle, ADHD impacts everything from work and school to relationships and physical health.  Kind and comprehensive care of ADHD must acknowledge this wide-ranging impact. 

    Mindfulness is increasingly a part of ADHD care, though often misunderstood in ways that turn people with ADHD away. For starters, mindfulness does not replace any part of ADHD intervention. Concentration and impulse control may improve, but no single treatment works in isolation for ADHD. Instead, focusing on self-regulation and self-awareness with mindfulness, including practices such as self-compassion or loving-kindness, is a foundational shift for living with ADHD. Integrating mindfulness makes it easier to follow through with the rest of evidence-based ADHD care.

    A broad approach to mindfulness in ADHD care means far more than meditation. We aim to develop traits like patience, responsiveness, and kindness that make managing the inevitable ups and downs of life easier. One useful framework for this practice invokes three foundational supports: training the mind, building community, and a desire for ongoing learning.

    A broad approach to mindfulness in ADHD care means far more than meditation.

    Understanding the Mind’s Mechanics

    Learning is a vital aspect of mindfulness practice, often related to the principle of cause and effect. Even though so much is out of our control, how we think about things and choose to engage with the world intrinsically affects our experience. By examining our ways of thinking and communicating through this lens, we stay in closer touch with our own best intentions and core values.  

    Executive function can affect anything requiring “management” in life. Because of that, ADHD can impact not only work or school, but also relationships, communication, decision making, and health routines. Having ADHD is no one’s fault nor is it a moral failing.  It does however often lead to a sense of self-blame. As with any challenge, the more clearly one understands the skills affected by ADHD, the easier it becomes to make skillful choices that minimize its impact. 

    Our actions and beliefs always have consequences, sometimes in subtle ways. For instance, deny having ADHD, and you cannot address it; recognize ADHD fully, and you can take constructive steps forward. If we rely on fleeting sources of transient happiness, like our phones or buying stuff, that undermines our well-being. In contrast, we boost our chances of flourishing with activities such as a healthy lifestyle or acts of kindness. In this way, education guides our journey through life. 

    This continuing education may include:

    • Learning about ADHD and exploring evidence-based management. Core interventions typically include a mix of educational supports, parent training (for families), cognitive behavioral therapy, coaching, and/or ADHD medication.
    • Prioritizing foundations like sleep, exercise, and nutrition for mental clarity, as maintaining these routines can be especially tough with ADHD.
    • Understanding the impact of emotional dysregulation and stress tied to ADHD and practicing tools and strategies for navigating these obstacles.
    • Exploring the reality of cause and effect as it relates to well-being, such as exploring how perfectionism and self-criticism compound suffering, or how meditation or gratitude practices increase the likelihood of happiness.

    Training the Mind

    Reframing the intention of mindfulness practice increases the likelihood of sticking with it. The goal of meditation is not a mind empty of thoughts, although it can help calm or steady the mind. As noted above, with or without ADHD, the initial motivation is often to build awareness and patience—a far more realistic goal than complete stillness. 

    The goal of meditation is not a mind empty of thoughts, although the practice helps calm or steady the mind. With or without ADHD, the initial intention is often to build awareness and patience—a far more realistic goal than complete stillness.

    Inside this framework, we enhance our ability to notice what’s happening right now. We see both joyful moments and our challenges with more clarity. Practice doesn’t have to require sitting still; mindful eating, yoga, and other movement practices work too. This all relates to one key definition of mindfulness that is quite valuable with ADHD: aiming to see our lives with clear and compassionate awareness. 

    Meditation develops patterns that influence us in the long term. Short-term benefits like relaxation happen, but the broader hope is for building traits that spill into everyday life. For example, simply observing emotion during meditation, rather than falling into habits like reacting with anger or shutting down, slowly recalibrates our responses when we are outside of formal meditation. This improved emotional regulation has direct value not only for those with ADHD, but of course for anyone. Other meditation practices focus on traits like compassion, kindness, or forgiveness.

    Meditation develops patterns that influence us in the long term. Short-term benefits like relaxation happen, but the broader hope is for new traits that spill into everyday life.

    To get started, consider:

    • Setting aside a few minutes regularly to meditate, with the aim of building self-awareness and patience.
    • Trying compassion or loving-kindness practices to address ADHD-related challenges such as excessive shame, self-criticism, or rejection sensitivity.
    • Including movement practices in your day, like walking meditation or yoga.
    • Staying patient and kind with yourself when starting, as beginning and sticking to new routines are both especially difficult for individuals with ADHD.

    Nurturing Connection and Support

    Community is another pillar of mindful living. It’s crucial to seek and nurture environments that foster emotional resilience and deepen those connections. For those with ADHD, spending time with others who share similar experiences often leads to greater self-acceptance and a sense of belonging. Surrounding ourselves with caring and supportive people helps with learning and staying strong and hopefully finding friends, joy, and laughter.

    With so many demands on our attention, we have to  be intentional in seeking those relationships that reinforce our well-being. Difficult people may place demands on our time and deplete our energy.  True friends encourage us to be our authentic self and help us feel empowered. Without judgment they accommodate to our experience of ADHD by adapting to symptoms like forgetfulness, time blindness, or sensory overload.  Valuable friends support mutual growth and respect, sustain us, and can foster our mindfulness-based practices.

    Ways to connect with community include:

    • Joining a spiritual or meditation group, or ADHD-focused organizations like, CHADD, ADDA, or ACO.
    • Scheduling regular time with family, if those ties feel close and supportive.
    • Creating or seeking shared school or workspaces that emphasize mindfulness, compassion, and growth, including executive function accommodations for ADHD.
    • Prioritizing time with authentic friends while reducing time spent with people who leave you feeling depleted.  This typically includes limiting exposure to social media, which frequently leads to experiences like anxiety, negativity and jealousy. 

    Building a Practice That Works With ADHD

    Let go of thoughts of perfection, a totally quiet mind, or the idea that you’re unable to meditate. With ADHD, a foundation of self-regulation and self-compassion transforms how we see and respond to our experience.  That foundation increases the effectiveness of all that must be accomplished to manage this complex medical condition. Aspire to a sustainable mindfulness practice, whatever that looks for you.  Even when living through difficult times, you will more easily stay in touch with your own wisdom, joy, and compassion.

    Let go of thoughts of perfection, a totally quiet mind, or feeling like you’re unable to meditate.

    Dr. Mark Bertin and Dana Crews are leading a retreat October 10-12, 2025, to support adults navigating life with ADHD, whether you have it yourself, are living with someone, or are a professional in the field. Hosted at the Menla Retreat Center nestled in the serene Catskill Mountains, Held and Whole is a restorative and educational three-day ADHD retreat that will offer practical, mindfulness-based tools to strengthen emotional regulation, deepen self-awareness, and foster authenticity.  We hope to see you there! 

    You can get more information and reserve your spot here. Plus, listeners to this podcast can claim a limited-time 15% early bird discount when they enter code “Mindful” at checkout. Spots are limited!



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  • A Body Scan Meditation to Prepare Mind and Body for Sleep

    A Body Scan Meditation to Prepare Mind and Body for Sleep

    Summary

    What Is a Body Scan Meditation? A guided practice where attention is systematically moved through different parts of the body to release tension and increase awareness.

    Benefits for Sleep:

    • Improves sleep quality, especially among those with sleep disturbances
    • Reduces physical tension that may prevent falling asleep
    • Calms the nervous system and reduces stress
    • Helps disconnect from mental activity that keeps the mind active

    Research Findings: Clinical trials from UCLA found that mindfulness meditation improves sleep quality among older adults with sleep disturbances.

    Practice Application: Can be done lying down in bed as preparation for sleep, helping transition from wakefulness to restfulness.

    The Science of Sleeping Better with Mindfulness

    A good night’s sleep has a significant impact on our health—helping us feel more energized, less stressed, and able to perform better mentally. Unfortunately, according to a 2024 poll, many people struggle to get a full night’s rest, with 57% of Americans reporting that they would feel better if they got more sleep.

    If you’re the kind of person who finds themselves wide awake at 3 a.m. contemplating the shadows on their ceiling, practicing mindfulness may offer the secret to sleeping better. A randomized clinical trial from UCLA found that mindfulness meditation improves sleep quality among older adults with sleep disturbances. The following guided meditation was used in that study to help people fall asleep. May it do the same for you.

    We’ll be noticing these sensations without trying to change them or make them different, simply bringing a mindful attention of curiosity and openness to the present moment.

    During this guided body scan meditation you may find yourself drifting off to sleep. This is fine, so you can allow the meditation to turn off on its own. If you notice thoughts such as worries or concerns arising that take your attention away from the meditation, this is also normal. See if you can redirect your attention back to the body scan, gently letting go of these thoughts.

    If it’s possible, we’ll be noticing our body lying down on the bed. We’ll be feeling the body’s sensations that are present, scanning the body for any kinds of obvious sensations like vibrations, tingling sensations, heaviness, pressure, movement, heat, coolness. We’ll be noticing these sensations without trying to change them or make them different, simply bringing a mindful attention of curiosity and openness to the present moment. If you notice yourself starting to think about the sensation or think about something else, see if you can simply come back to the feelings and sensations present in your body.

    A Body Scan Meditation to Prepare Mind and Body for Sleep

    1. Begin the meditation by noticing the sensations at the top of your head. Simply note what you feel. You might notice vibration or pressure.

    2. Focus your attention on your skull as it makes contact with the bed or the pillow. There might be a sense of pressure or other sensations. Simply be curious about these sensations.

    3. If you can, allow any tension you feel to gently release. If that doesn’t seem possible, simply notice what it is that you feel.

    4. Scan your face area, forehead, eyes, and nose. Notice your cheeks and mouth. There may be sensations of tingling, temperature, tightness; let it all be there. Be curious about your experience, and begin to notice the sensations in your throat.

    5. Now bring your attention to the sensations present in your shoulder area. Notice any tension arising. Sometimes in the act of noticing tension, you may find yourself relaxing. If that’s not possible, you can breathe gently, directing the breath to your shoulders.

    6. Notice the sensations in your left shoulder, and then bring your attention down your arm. Notice any vibration, tingling, coolness, pressure, or movement in your elbow, your lower arm, and then your hand. Be curious and open to the sensations that are present in your hands and fingers. Allow your hands to soften and relax.

    7. Now, bring your attention up to your right shoulder, noticing any sensations that might be present. Start to scan your right arm for vibration, tingling, or movement. Notice your elbow, your forearm, your hands, and fingers. A lot of sensations are usually present in the hands and fingers. But if at any point there’s no sensation, just notice the absence of sensation.

    8. Let your attention go to the top of your shoulders and to your back. Imagine a zigzag sensation or an up-and-down movement across your back. Can you be open and curious to whatever the experience is? Be kind to yourself no matter what comes up.

    9. Notice your upper back, your mid-back, and the sensations in your lower back. If thoughts arise as you’re doing this—worries, concerns—see if you can let them go. Let them be like clouds floating in the sky, moving across your mind. Or, come back to my words and this body scan.

    10. Bring your attention to the top of the chest area. Gently scan your chest, your rib cage, and your stomach. See if you can soften your stomach. Breathe deeply while directing the breath to that area—allowing it to soften and relax.

    11. Now, notice your pelvic area and the places where your body has contact with the bed. Feel whatever sensations are present. Gently bring your attention to your left hip and down your left leg. Notice the sensations in your thigh.

    12. Bring this kind and curious attention to your leg, your knee, and your left calf. Notice whatever sensations are present: vibration, tingling, itching, warmth, coolness, heaviness. Then bring your attention to your ankle, left foot, and toes.

    13. Now, notice the sensations in your right hip. And again, bring your attention down to your right thigh. You can circle your attention on your right leg or notice it in any other way that makes sense to you. Feel any vibration, tingling, temperature, heaviness, or movement in your knee and calf. Scan your leg down to your right ankle and toes.

    14. Now that you’ve scanned your body, you’re welcome to start again. This time, you can start at your feet and go back up through your body until you get to the top of your head. Feel free to scan your body up and down as many times as it is helpful to you.

    The Ultimate Guide to Mindfulness for Sleep 

    Sufficient sleep heals our bodies and minds, but for many reasons sleep doesn’t always come easily. Mindfulness practices and habits can help us fall asleep and stay asleep. Consult our guide to find tips for meditation, movement, and mindfulness practices to ease into sleep.
    Read More 

    • Mindful Staff
    • July 13, 2023



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  • Constant Craving – Mindful

    Constant Craving – Mindful

    If there’s a patch of open lawn at a corner, children will cut through, and grass soon becomes hardened ground. Ancient people created paths walking from one place to another; horses and oxen widened them; and today they’re paved roads. When we want to go someplace, we choicelessly take these well-trodden paths.

    It’s the same with our brain and the muscles and organs that respond to its commands. As neurons keep firing in a particular configuration, a path is created and it’s just easier to go there. Neurons that “fire together, wire together.” It’s how we learn to talk, to play guitar, to paint, and to smoke and overeat.

    As Judson Brewer points out in The Craving Mind, laying down memories (pathways to return to) is as ancient and ingrained as life itself. Eric Kandel won the Nobel Prize in Physiology in 2000 for demonstrating that even the lowly sea slug—hardly a big-brained cousin to humans—employs a “two-option approach” to raise its chances of survival: “move toward nutrient, move away from toxin.” Likewise, we adapted by laying down memories of what is and isn’t food and where to find it, so we could return for more. And, critically, the food offered us a reward: a shot of brain chemicals that signal satisfied hunger. Yum. Yum.

    This reward-based learning system, Brewer notes, is easily hijacked to develop other habits: See cool kids smoke. Smoke to be cool. Be seen as cool. Feel good. Lay down a feel-good memory. Want to do it again.

    Once laid down, this path takes us round trip; we’re on a loop. Seeing people smoke triggers us, and the immediate effect is the brain saying “that will make me feel better or lessen the pain.” An urge, a craving, emerges in the body. We take action to feed the craving and light up. We get the good feeling (our reward), but we also start to see the world differently. In what psychologists call increased “salience,” we now wear smoke-colored glasses that offer a landscape filled with perceived opportunities to smoke. The habit is reinforced, and the increased salience points us to more cues and triggers that keep the wheel spinning. Round and round we go.

    Mindfulness can break this well-worn cycle, as we see illustrated in the diagram conceived of by Brewer below.

    Graphic by Heather Jones



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  • Meditation to Be At Peace With How Things Are

    Meditation to Be At Peace With How Things Are

    How can we be at peace with how things are right now? In this week’s guided meditation, Dr. Mark Bertin offers a practice to help us be gently aware of sensations, feelings, and thoughts that come up in practice, building presence in the rest of life.

    This is a practice that is both concrete and compassionate. Dr. Bertin guides us to take note of our tendency to either deny or try and “fix” what’s going on in our lives, and then find a third way—one where we aim to see things as clearly as possible, so that our decisions are filled with awareness, skill, and care for everyone involved.

    A Meditation to Be At Peace With How Things Are

    Read and practice the guided meditation script below, pausing after each paragraph. Or listen to the audio practice.

    1. Start with finding a comfortable posture that you’ll be able to sustain for these few minutes of practice. Bring a sense of kind and patient awareness to our body first. Notice how you’re sitting. Make adjustments so that you feel awake and alert. Notice areas of tension, and see if you’re able to release them a little bit, gathering your awareness and bringing it to the sensation of breathing.
    2. Let go of any need to do anything or make anything happen right now. You can reframe moments where you become distracted from the breath as a success. The mind always stays busy. Things happen that draw our attention and awareness away throughout the day, and each moment you come to the breath is a moment of awareness, a moment of intention. When you get distracted, just remember this sense of intention with clarity. You can say to yourself, Oh, my mind is busy —and then let go and simply come back to the next breath.
    3. Next, expand your awareness to the entirety of your body. Most of us live with experiences of pleasure, and also moments of discomfort or pain at times. And if something definitively needs adjustment to relieve you of some physical pain right now, that’s always okay. But for anything else that’s either comfortable for you to work with or unchangeable in this moment, see if you can simply notice it, and then come back to the breath.  
    4. Now, continue to use your breath lightly as an anchor, shifting your awareness to notice your emotional state. Emotions are part of our experience. They’re there whether we acknowledge them or not. They tend to influence how we think and how we interact with the world, so it’s empowering to cultivate a sense of open and caring awareness. Living peacefully with our emotions as they arise and pass is core to living at peace in the world. It’s also core to staying in touch with our best intentions, as emotions tend to drive the bus if we’re not paying attention to them.  
    5. See if you can give yourself permission for these next few minutes to stay aware of your emotions. Offer care if they’re difficult. Offer compassion and give yourself permission to experience them at all. Let go of any need to fix or change them. Right now I’m experiencing happiness, or Right now I am experiencing sadness, or whatever emotions come to mind. Can you bring to this part of the practice a sense of compassion, too? Lean toward the intention to treat yourself as you would a young child or a close friend.
    6. Remember, if your mind gets distracted, there’s always the option of coming back to following the breath again.
    7. Now, let’s shift our awareness to thoughts. Thoughts can feel so all-consuming, and even through meditation, we can’t make them stop. That’s never the point. Rather, we’re asking if we can live more at peace with this part of our experience, recognizing we each have our own habits. We each make up stories, stories that try to make sense of our past or that project into the future. Problems can feel sticky and all-consuming and ruminative. So for these few minutes of practice, can we note thoughts simply as thoughts? Fears simply as fears. Fantasies simply as fantasies. Observe them like clouds passing in the sky, and also with a sense of peace and care. My mind is in an agitated state right now. This is really exhausting. Or at a different time maybe we experience a quieter mind, a simpler mind, noticing the thoughts as they arrive with more ease. But through the practice, simply noticing and naming: Oh, there is that thought, and then coming back to the breath again.
    8. The intention and perspective we bring to the practice is fundamental to the practice itself. Through the practice, we can aim to live life—even during exceedingly difficult times—with more awareness and compassion and self-care. This leads to a better ability to stay in touch with our own best intentions when we need to act precisely or communicate well. So when we practice, whatever happens will happen. But can we do our best to stay aware, to stay clear of thought, and to stay kind. 
    9. As we bring our practice to a close, settle back into the breath for a moment. Then, perhaps set the intention to continue this sense of compassionate and kind awareness as you move on into the rest of your day. 

    Looking for mindfulness-based tools to live better with ADHD?

    Together with ADHD Life Coach and Certified ADHD Educator Dana Crews, Dr. Bertin is leading a retreat October 10-12, 2025, to support adults navigating life with ADHD. Hosted at the Menla Retreat Center nestled in the serene Catskill Mountains, Held and Whole is a restorative and educational three-day ADHD retreat that will offer practical, mindfulness-based tools to strengthen emotional regulation, deepen self-awareness, and foster authenticity. 

    You can get more information and reserve your spot here. Plus, listeners to this podcast can claim a limited-time 15% early bird discount when they enter code “Mindful” at checkout. Spots are limited!   



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  • What’s the Difference Between Transcendental Meditation and Mindfulness? A Teacher Explains

    What’s the Difference Between Transcendental Meditation and Mindfulness? A Teacher Explains

    Meditation is everywhere these days. Guided meditations or visualizations, mindfulness, walking meditations, body scans, and even mantra meditation are taught in classrooms and workplaces as well as being featured on popular meditation apps. Some people swear by their specific type, others dabble in different ones, and many are simply curious to try but have not yet.

    For me, mantra meditation—more specifically Transcendental Meditation (TM)—has been life-changing. In this piece, I explain what TM is, explore its benefits, and discuss differences between TM and mindfulness meditation.

    Fifteen years ago, in 2009, I began meditating. At the time, my life was shifting in almost every possible way. I had just moved back to my hometown of San Francisco after seven years of teaching in Los Angeles. I had been diagnosed with an autoimmune disease, ulcerative colitis. Now, even today, we don’t know everything about this disease, but what we do know is that stress is a major trigger. There I was, diagnosed with a chronic illness, trying to understand my symptoms, manage them, and plan for an unpredictable future. At the same time, another major life event was unfolding: I had just turned 30 and was embarking on the difficult journey of trying to have a baby—an experience that ended up taking three years, filled with doctor’s visits, uncertainty, and loss.

    On top of all this, I was transitioning professionally—moving from being a classroom teacher in LA to working in the central office for SF Unified School District’s new teacher Induction program. It was a lot—personally, professionally, emotionally—and this was the exact moment I started meditating.

    What Is Transcendental Meditation (TM)?

    The style of meditation I learned in 2009 was Transcendental Meditation (TM), through a grant from the David Lynch Foundation offered to employees in the San Francisco Unified School District. TM is a form of mantra-based meditation where you silently repeat a specific word (mantra) to help you focus and transcend ordinary thought patterns. The idea is that the repetition of the mantra allows the mind to settle into a deep state of rest and alertness, fostering a sense of inner peace.

    TM is a form of mantra-based meditation where you silently repeat a specific sound or word (mantra) to help you focus and transcend ordinary thought patterns.

    Learning TM typically involves enrolling at a TM center and paying for instruction, which may be delivered one-on-one or in a small group. When I learned, the program was offered free of charge to SFUSD employees and was conducted in a small group over several sessions, with monthly group check-ins. At the time, the foundation was conducting a clinical trial to explore TM’s impact on health, so participants were divided into two groups: one received instruction in the mantra-based meditation practice immediately, while the other (the control group) began six months later. 

    Regardless of whether you learn TM individually, in a group, or as part of a study, you are given a personal mantra by a certified TM teacher. This mantra—a nonsensical, lyrical word—is meant to be kept private and not shared with others. Some have noted that mantras are assigned based on the age of the practitioner at the time of learning.

    Though TM has its roots in India’s Vedic traditions—some of the oldest known spiritual and philosophical systems, dating back over 3,000 years—the form of TM practiced today originated in the 1950s. While the use of mantras may be linked to ancient Sanskrit texts, TM is taught as a secular practice, distinct from any religious framework. It is presented as a scientific method for reducing stress and enhancing overall health. The technique gained widespread popularity, in part, due to high-profile advocates like The Beatles, who helped bring attention to this form of meditation.

    Scientific research has shown that TM can reduce stress and anxiety, lower blood pressure, and improve overall well-being, immune function,  and sleep. It has been found to enhance cognition, increase creativity, and even help with mental resilience during challenging times. Many people continue to be drawn to TM because of its structured nature—it’s easy to learn, and practitioners are typically taught one-on-one by certified instructors, which provides personalized guidance.

    For me, TM quickly became an anchor in my daily life. As someone who values routines, it was a simple ritual that brought a deep sense of peace and clarity. I found myself looking forward to that post-meditation feeling: lighter, more grounded, and better equipped to face whatever was swirling around me. The anxious thoughts that used to loop endlessly—about infertility, miscarriages, managing colitis through diet, or the stress of potential layoffs as well as the economic recession—began to feel less heavy, less consuming.

    Inspired by the power of TM, I also began to shape a personal approach to mantra-based meditation, one that felt more flexible and accessible. I was curious about how choosing my own mantra or intention might shift the experience. The concept is simple: pick a word or phrase, repeat it silently, and let the mind soften and settle. It’s a calming, effective practice that doesn’t require expensive training or long hours. While TM is one established form of mantra meditation, there are many variations, each adaptable to your own rhythm, needs, and curiosity.

    What Is Mindfulness Meditation?

    Mindfulness meditation is all about being present in the moment, observing your thoughts and feelings without judgment. As teacher and educator Diana Winston explains in her Tedx Talk, this type of meditation can be understood as “paying attention to present-moment experiences with openness, curiosity, and a willingness to be with what is.”

    While it’s common to incorporate an intentional focal point in mindfulness meditation—like the breath, a visual cue like a candle, or bodily sensations—this technique is often practiced by simply sitting or lying down in silence and just being with whatever arises. If worry, anxiety, pinging thoughts, or physical pain cause distraction, the meditator notes the distraction without judgment and then gently returns attention to the present moment.

    This type of meditation is accessible, flexible, and encourages people to start where they are. Similar to TM, studies have shown that mindfulness meditation is effective in reducing symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression, improving sleep, and increasing the markers of physical, mental, and emotional well-being.

    While mindfulness can be highly effective for calming the mind, some people find it challenging, especially if their mind is constantly racing. The free form offers lots of room for personalization, but that same lack of structure or focus can be frustrating, especially for newer meditators.

    If you’re someone who has tried mindfulness meditation and found it difficult to make progress, let me share why I gravitated toward mantra meditation.

    Mindfulness vs. Transcendental Meditation: Which Is Right for You?

    So, how do you decide which type of meditation is best for you?

    It really comes down to what resonates with you. Mindfulness meditation is all about being present in the moment, observing your thoughts and feelings without judgment. It’s often practiced by focusing on the breath or bodily sensations. While mindfulness can be highly effective for calming the mind, some people find it challenging, especially if their mind is constantly racing. That’s where mantra-based meditation can be helpful. By focusing on a simple word or sound, it can provide an anchor for the mind, making it easier to enter a state of calm.

    For some, mindfulness offers a deeper connection to the present moment, fostering awareness throughout your usual daily activities. For others, TM or mantra meditation can provide quicker relief from mental chatter, especially in stressful moments.

    For some, TM or mantra meditation can provide quicker relief from mental chatter, especially in stressful moments. But for others, mindfulness offers a deeper connection to the present moment, fostering awareness throughout your usual daily activities.

    In my experience, mantra meditation offered a structured way to quiet the mind, whereas mindfulness meditation required more of an open awareness toward the thoughts and emotions that pop up during practice. There’s no one-size-fits-all when it comes to meditation. Some people thrive with mindfulness, while others prefer mantra meditation. And of course, many  benefit from incorporating both practices, depending on the situation.

    A Simple Mantra Meditation Practice for Anyone

    Starting a meditation practice can feel intimidating. There are so many styles, techniques, and ideas about what meditation “should” look like. But in reality, it’s incredibly simple. You don’t need expensive accessories. You don’t need to sit a certain way or clear your mind of all thoughts. You just need a few minutes, a comfortable seat, and a willingness to try. 

    There are so many styles, techniques, and ideas about what meditation “should” look like. But in reality, it’s incredibly simple.

    I practice using a mantra, a simple word or phrase that I repeat silently to focus my mind. I set a timer, close my eyes, and let my thoughts come and go while gently returning to the mantra. That’s it. No pressure, no perfection, just presence. Over time, this small practice has helped me become more creative, more patient, and more resilient. It’s allowed me to meet life’s challenges with a clearer mind and an open heart.

    Start small—just five minutes. Try it for a week and see how you feel. And if you ever have questions or want to learn more about my mantra-based technique, reach out via my website.

    At the end of the day, any form of meditation—mindfulness, mantra, TM, guided or another type—is one of the best gifts you can give yourself. It’s a practice that supports you through life’s toughest moments, enhances your best ones, and ultimately helps you show up as the best version of yourself.

    So, what do you say—let’s get more people meditating! With that goal in mind, I’ve launched a series on TikTok and Instagram called #DeadOrMeditating, aimed at making meditation go viral. Remember when planking took off and people were posting photos of themselves planking in public spaces? That simple trend raised awareness and sparked conversations. Why not do the same with meditation?



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  • 10 Tips to Mindfulness Meditation

    10 Tips to Mindfulness Meditation

    Curious about how to start your own mindfulness meditation practice? This infographic from the Garrison Institute is a great place to begin.

    When it comes to learning a mindfulness meditation practice, or learning anything new for that matter, it helps to bring in some visual representations. Here’s the latest meditation infographic from the Garrison Institute.

    Get all 10 tips below, or click here for the Garrison Institute’s page. Plus, if you’d like a full description of each step, just scroll down. 

    10 Steps to Start Your Mindfulness Meditation Practice

    1. Create time and space. Choose a regular time each day for mindfulness mediation practice, ideally a quiet space free from distractions.
    2. Set a timer. Start with just five minutes, and ease your way up to 15-40 minutes.
    3. Find a comfortable sitting position. Sit cross-legged on the floor, on the grass, or in a chair with your feet flat on the ground. You can also lie down, or find some other position to accommodate mobility or pain issues. The best mindfulness meditation practice is one that works for you and your body’s needs.
    4. Check your posture. Sit up straight, hands in a comfortable position. Keep neck long, chin tilted slightly downward, with your tongue resting gently on the roof of your mouth. Relax your shoulders. Then, close your eyes or use a soft gaze downward 5-10 feet in front of you.
    5. Take a deep breath. Deep breathing in any mindfulness meditation practice helps settle the body, relax the nervous system, and establish your presence in the space.
    6. Direct your attention to the breath. Focus on a part of the body where the breath feels prominent: nostrils, back of throat, diaphragm, chest. Keep one focus; try not to switch.
    7. Maintain attention to your breath. As you inhale and exhale, focus on the breath. If attention wanders, that’s okay. It’s normal for this to happen in any mindfulness meditation practice, even for people who have been doing it for decades! Simply return to the breath. When thoughts come in, which they will, think of them as floating by. Don’t get “hooked” on them—just let them float by and return your attention to your breath.
    8. Keep repeating steps 6-7 for as long as you like. Your mind will wander. Just keep bringing it back to the breath. Think of it like reps in weight lifting: getting distracted isn’t bad, and you’re not doing it wrong, and every time you bring your attention back, you’re actually training and strengthening your focus.
    9. Be king to yourself. Don’t be upset if your focus occasionally drifts, or if you fall asleep. If it helps, you can keep your eyes open, or adjust your posture to keep you more alert if you need to.
    10. Prepare for a soft landing. When the timer goes off, open your eyes when you’re ready. Acknowledge your practice with gratitude.

    Looking for more ways to build your own mindfulness meditation practice? Check out Mindful’s Getting Started page.



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