Tag: Youth

  • Did COVID Lockdowns Doom Britain’s Youth? Inquiry Reveals Childhood ‘Torn Apart’ – Lasting Harm Was No Secret

    Did COVID Lockdowns Doom Britain’s Youth? Inquiry Reveals Childhood ‘Torn Apart’ – Lasting Harm Was No Secret

    In a stark revelation shaking Britain’s pandemic response, the UK COVID-19 Inquiry on 29 September 2025 exposed how lockdowns inflicted grievous harm on children, tearing at the very fabric of childhood through school closures and enforced isolation.

    Witnesses detailed severe, long-lasting impacts on education, mental health, and social development, with government decisions prioritising adults over youth despite known risks. As testimonies unfolded, it became clear that lasting harm to Britain’s youth was no secret, yet officials proceeded, dooming a generation to profound consequences.

    Inquiry Exposes Grievous Harm

    The inquiry’s major research report, published 15 September 2025, drew from interviews with 600 children aged 9-22, highlighting disrupted routines and missed milestones as an ‘empty time‘ of pandemic effects.

    Participants described family tensions and emotional drain, with one noting: ‘That was, like, very difficult having my mum, my auntie, my uncle; my brother was there as well and my cousin. So it was a very crowded place. It was also very, like, emotionally draining with kind of like family stuff. So I did end up, like, developing anxiety… I was very sad a lot of the time…’ This underscores how COVID lockdowns amplified home-based vulnerabilities for Britain’s youth.

    School Closures Chaos

    Government planning for school closures began only on 17 March 2020, the day before the announcement, despite earlier focus on keeping schools open. Former education secretary Gavin Williamson described the shift as a ‘discombobulating 24-hour sea change,’ highlighting inadequate preparation across UK nations. This failure exacerbated education disruption, with children missing crucial learning and social interactions.

    Online learning challenges included limited device access, as one child said: ‘I learn best when I have a physical thing in front of me …’ Exam cancellations and grade frustrations affected university aspirations, compounding long-term impacts.

    Vulnerable children suffered most, with schools as ‘constant eyes‘ for safeguarding; closures led to declined referrals and increased exposure to harm. The National Crime Agency noted rises in online abuse due to more time spent digitally during lockdowns.

    Mental Health Crisis Unveiled

    Post-lockdown readjustment proved tough, with one participant stating: ‘Not leaving the house… and then having to try and get used to being in public again, and going to school… definitely contributed to, like, my anxiety being a lot worse.’ Mental health issues surged, including body image worries and first-time service access among secondary-aged youth.

    Inquiry counsel Clair Dobbin KC emphasised: ‘The reality is that there were children who suffered grievous harm at the hands of their carers during the pandemic. The carers of those children bear responsibility for the violence and neglect inflicted on children, and these children stand as the starkest examples of what adults are capable of doing to children behind closed doors.’

    This highlights how lockdowns removed protective layers, leading to abuse and neglect.

    In an X post from LBC, it was shared: ‘Some children suffered “grievous harm” at the hands of those who should have been caring for them in the pandemic, the UK COVID-19 Inquiry has heard.’ Such public reactions amplify the inquiry’s findings.


    Baroness Heather Hallett noted the impact was ‘severe and, for many, long-lasting,’ urging lessons for future crises. Children’s rights groups called for apologies and prioritisation of youth in decisions.

    The four-week hearings, starting 29 September 2025, probe physical health, long COVID, and high absence rates, revealing systemic oversights. Stories from parents like Aisha illustrate ongoing struggles, with her son lacking education and facing trouble post-lockdown.

    Originally published on IBTimes UK



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  • Unlocking the Fountain of Youth: The Science of Telomeres and Aging

    Unlocking the Fountain of Youth: The Science of Telomeres and Aging

    Introduction to Telomeres and Aging

    The quest for eternal youth has been a long-standing desire of humanity, with many seeking to unlock the secrets of aging and reverse its effects. In recent years, scientific research has shed light on the role of telomeres in the aging process, offering a promising avenue for understanding and potentially reversing the effects of time. Telomeres, the protective caps on the ends of chromosomes, play a crucial role in maintaining cellular health and preventing premature aging. This article delves into the science of telomeres and their relationship to aging, exploring the latest research and discoveries in this field.

    What are Telomeres?

    Telomeres are repetitive nucleotide sequences located at the ends of chromosomes, safeguarding them from deterioration and fusion with neighboring chromosomes. These protective caps are composed of repetitive DNA sequences (TTAGGG in humans) and specialized proteins, known as shelterin, which bind to the telomere DNA. Telomeres act as a molecular clock, gradually shortening with each cell division due to the inability of DNA polymerase to fully replicate the 3′ end of the chromosome. When telomeres become too short, the cell can no longer divide and becomes senescent or undergoes programmed cell death (apoptosis).

    The Role of Telomeres in Aging

    The length of telomeres has been linked to aging and age-related diseases. As we age, our telomeres naturally shorten, leading to a decrease in cellular reproductive capacity and an increase in cellular senescence. This can result in a decline in tissue function and an increased risk of age-related diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and dementia. Research has shown that individuals with shorter telomeres are more likely to experience age-related health problems and have a shorter lifespan.

    Telomere Length and Lifestyle Factors

    Studies have identified various lifestyle factors that can influence telomere length, including diet, exercise, stress, and smoking. A healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids, combined with regular exercise and stress management, can help maintain telomere length. Conversely, a poor diet, lack of exercise, and chronic stress can accelerate telomere shortening. Smoking, in particular, has been shown to significantly reduce telomere length, highlighting the importance of avoiding tobacco products.

    The Science of Telomerase

    Telomerase is an enzyme that lengthens telomeres by adding nucleotides to the existing telomere sequence. While telomerase is typically inactive in adult cells, it is active in certain cells, such as stem cells and cancer cells, allowing them to maintain their telomeres and continue dividing indefinitely. Researchers have been exploring the potential of telomerase activators to increase telomere length and promote healthy aging. However, the use of telomerase activators is still in its infancy, and more research is needed to fully understand their effects on human health.

    Telomere-Targeting Therapies

    Several telomere-targeting therapies are being developed to address age-related diseases and promote healthy aging. These therapies aim to maintain or increase telomere length, reduce cellular senescence, and enhance cellular function. Some promising approaches include telomerase activators, telomere-lengthening compounds, and senolytic therapy, which targets and eliminates senescent cells. While these therapies show promise, further research is needed to determine their safety and efficacy in humans.

    The Connection between Telomeres and Epigenetics

    Epigenetics, the study of gene expression and environmental influences on gene function, has been linked to telomere biology. Research has shown that epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation and histone modification, can affect telomere length and stability. Additionally, telomere shortening can lead to epigenetic changes, creating a feedback loop that accelerates aging. Understanding the interplay between telomeres and epigenetics may provide new insights into the aging process and the development of age-related diseases.

    Telomeres and Cancer

    The relationship between telomeres and cancer is complex and bidirectional. Short telomeres can increase the risk of cancer by leading to genetic instability and promoting the development of cancer-initiating cells. Conversely, cancer cells often activate telomerase to maintain their telomeres and continue dividing. Researchers are exploring the potential of telomere-targeting therapies to prevent or treat cancer, as well as the use of telomere length as a biomarker for cancer risk and diagnosis.

    The Future of Telomere Research

    As our understanding of telomere biology continues to grow, so does the potential for developing innovative therapies to promote healthy aging and prevent age-related diseases. Future research directions include exploring the role of telomeres in specific age-related diseases, developing more effective telomere-targeting therapies, and investigating the interplay between telomeres and other hallmarks of aging, such as epigenetics and mitochondrial function.

    Conclusion

    The science of telomeres and aging has made significant progress in recent years, offering new insights into the biological mechanisms underlying aging and age-related diseases. While we are still far from unlocking the fountain of youth, research on telomeres and telomerase has the potential to revolutionize our understanding of aging and provide new avenues for promoting healthy aging and preventing age-related diseases. As research continues to advance, we may one day be able to harness the power of telomeres to live longer, healthier lives.

    FAQs

    Q: What are telomeres, and why are they important?
    A: Telomeres are the protective caps on the ends of chromosomes, safeguarding them from deterioration and fusion with neighboring chromosomes. They play a crucial role in maintaining cellular health and preventing premature aging.

    Q: How do telomeres shorten, and what are the consequences?
    A: Telomeres shorten with each cell division due to the inability of DNA polymerase to fully replicate the 3′ end of the chromosome. When telomeres become too short, the cell can no longer divide and becomes senescent or undergoes programmed cell death.

    Q: Can lifestyle factors influence telomere length?
    A: Yes, lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, stress, and smoking can influence telomere length. A healthy diet and regular exercise can help maintain telomere length, while a poor diet, lack of exercise, and chronic stress can accelerate telomere shortening.

    Q: What is telomerase, and how does it relate to aging?
    A: Telomerase is an enzyme that lengthens telomeres by adding nucleotides to the existing telomere sequence. While telomerase is typically inactive in adult cells, it is active in certain cells, such as stem cells and cancer cells, allowing them to maintain their telomeres and continue dividing indefinitely.

    Q: Are there any therapies that target telomeres to promote healthy aging?
    A: Yes, several telomere-targeting therapies are being developed to address age-related diseases and promote healthy aging. These therapies aim to maintain or increase telomere length, reduce cellular senescence, and enhance cellular function.

    Q: How do telomeres relate to cancer?
    A: The relationship between telomeres and cancer is complex and bidirectional. Short telomeres can increase the risk of cancer by leading to genetic instability and promoting the development of cancer-initiating cells. Conversely, cancer cells often activate telomerase to maintain their telomeres and continue dividing.

  • STRIPED 2024 Newsletter: Advancing eating disorder prevention through advocacy, research, and youth voices

    STRIPED 2024 Newsletter: Advancing eating disorder prevention through advocacy, research, and youth voices

    Decorative image showing the word Newsletter alongside STRIPED's logo

    Discover the latest updates from the Strategic Training Initiative for the Prevention of Eating Disorders (STRIPED) in our 2024 Annual Newsletter. This edition spotlights the inspiring work of youth advocates featured in the new documentary Generation Flex, the restoration of critical disordered eating questions into the CDC’s Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, and efforts to protect youth from harmful diet pills and muscle-building supplements. Through policy change, research, and youth-driven advocacy, STRIPED continues to push for meaningful progress in eating disorder prevention.

    Explore More:

    Join the Conversation:

    • Follow Us: Stay connected through our social media channels for real-time updates and community engagement.
    • Contact Us: For inquiries or to get involved, email us at STRIPED@hsph.harvard.edu.

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  • Impact of incarceration on youth health

    Impact of incarceration on youth health

    Researcher Samantha Boch has studied the impact of incarceration on child and family health for more than a decade.

    Her latest research examines the health records and health care use of youth, individuals under age 21, who likely have been involved or whose families have been involved in the justice system. The challenge was identifying youth who have been impacted by mass incarceration, as most health care systems don’t routinely ask about incarceration. Families may not disclose that information due to stigma, fear of child protective services involvement, or judgment.

    “There are few, if any, large community-level studies about the health of youth affected by incarceration, or their family’s incarceration, using medical records,” explains Boch, an assistant professor at the University of Cincinnati College of Nursing. “Despite a lot of youth and families affected by incarceration, gaps remain in understanding its prevalence and consequences. There are numerous reasons for this, some include a lack of provider awareness, lack of curriculum in provider training, lack of funding for this research and lack of routine sensitive screening for exposure.”

    Boch and her research team searched the electronic medical records for justice-related keywords such as “prison,” “jail,” “sentenced,” “probation,” “parole,” and others, to determine the impact of incarceration. The researchers used data from Cincinnati Children’s Hospital collected over an 11-year period.

    Their study, published in Academic Pediatrics, found that of the more than 1.7 million records reviewed, 38,263 (or 2.2%) of youth seen between January 2009 and December 2020 likely had a parent incarcerated or faced some type of confinement as a juvenile. This small percentage was also responsible for a disproportionate number of physical and mental health diagnoses and health care visits at Cincinnati Children’s. They were compared against a socio demographically matched sample without a justice keyword and the total sample population of youth.

    Nearly 63.3% of all behavioral health inpatient admissions, 23.7% of all hospitalization inpatient days and 45.5% of all foster care visits were attributed to the 2.2% of youth who had documented probable personal or family justice system involvement. The findings complement another study led by Boch, published in 2021 using data from Nationwide Children’s Hospital in Columbus, Ohio.

    Youth with a justice keyword in their record had 1.5 to 16.2 times the prevalence of various physical and mental health disorder groupings studied compared to matched youth who didn’t have a justice keyword but do have similar socioeconomic backgrounds. They also had 428.2 more physical health diagnoses and 269.2 more mental health diagnoses per 100 youth than the matched youth.

    According to the study, youth with a justice keyword made up a large proportion of all of those who were diagnosed with health disorders or conditions at Cincinnati Children’s from 2009-2020. This includes 42.9% of all schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders, 42.1% of all bipolar and related disorders, 38.3% of all suicide and self-injury disorders, 24.5% of all trauma and stress related disorders, 44.9% of all shaken baby syndrome cases, 13.9% of all infectious diseases, 12.5% of speech language disorders and 12.8% of all youth pregnancies.

    Nationally, about 7% of U.S. youth have had a parent incarcerated. Findings at Cincinnati Children’s and Nationwide Children’s Hospital in Columbus grossly underestimate the number of youth affected by incarceration or confinement, says Boch.

    “Our data reflects families who disclosed and health providers who documented,” says Boch. “Families who refrain from disclosing or whose information is not documented were not represented which is a key limitation. This study is an attempt to uncover the size of the impact of mass incarceration on youth health in Cincinnati. Our health care systems and correctional systems clearly overlap and impact the lives of children.

    “Replication of these findings in other communities would strengthen the growing justification for decarceration efforts and other reforms, especially if we want all U.S. children and families to thrive,” says Boch. “We will continue to have health care disparities and lead the world with poor health outcomes if we continue to lead in incarceration.”

    Other co-authors of the study include Joshua Lambert, PhD, University of Cincinnati; Christopher Wilderman, PhD, Duke University; and Judith Dexheimer, PhD; Robert Kahn, MD; and Sarah Beal, PhD, all of the University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children’s.

    The research study of Cincinnati youth was supported by Boch’s awards, including the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (AHRQ/PCORI) K12 PEDSnet Scholars Learning Health Systems Career Development Program, internal funding from the University of Cincinnati College of Nursing Dean’s New Investigator Award, internal funding from the Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center James M. Anderson Center for Health Systems Excellence, and the NIH/NIMHD Loan Repayment Award for Clinician Scientists from Disadvantaged Backgrounds.

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