Health Journal Online

Tag: Months

  • Genicular Artery Embolization Delivered 12 Months of Knee Arthritis Pain Relief without Surgery in Nearly 200 Patients

    Genicular Artery Embolization Delivered 12 Months of Knee Arthritis Pain Relief without Surgery in Nearly 200 Patients

    For millions of people living with knee osteoarthritis, the current treatment ladder has a frustrating middle step that is largely empty. Conservative measures — physical therapy, NSAIDs, corticosteroid injections — provide relief that wanes over months. Full joint replacement surgery is effective but invasive, carries surgical risks, requires weeks of rehabilitation, and comes with a prosthetic lifespan of 15 to 20 years, making it poorly suited for younger or less medically robust patients who face decades of living with arthritis.

    Between those two rungs is a gap that has driven years of research into minimally invasive interventional options. A study published June 16, 2026, in Radiology — the flagship journal of the Radiological Society of North America — now provides the strongest evidence yet that one of those options delivers a full year of meaningful pain relief and functional improvement for appropriately selected patients.

    “For many patients with knee osteoarthritis, there is a real treatment gap today,” said lead author Florian Nima Fleckenstein, M.D., deputy head of Interventional Radiology Campus Mitte at Charité — Universitätsmedizin Berlin. “Conservative measures such as intra-articular injections no longer provide sufficient relief, but joint replacement is not an option for medical or personal reasons.”

    What Genicular Artery Embolization Is — and How It Works

    Genicular artery embolization (GAE) is a minimally invasive procedure performed by interventional radiologists using fluoroscopy (real-time X-ray imaging) and catheter-based techniques. The procedure targets a specific feature of the arthritic knee joint that conventional treatments have largely ignored: abnormal blood vessel formation.

    According to ScienceDaily’s coverage, in a healthy knee, the synovial tissue and supporting structures maintain a normal, controlled blood supply. In osteoarthritis, the chronic inflammation process triggers the growth of abnormal new blood vessels — called neovascularization — in and around the joint. These pathological vessels contribute to sustained inflammation and pain. Standard treatments target the inflammation downstream; GAE targets the vascular supply driving it.

    During GAE, an interventional radiologist threads a thin catheter through a puncture in the femoral artery, navigates it to the genicular arteries supplying the knee, and injects tiny microspheres that block blood flow to the abnormal vessels. By shutting down these pathological vessels, the procedure aims to reduce the vascular contribution to joint inflammation — producing pain relief and functional improvement without cutting, implanting, or removing anything.

    The version studied in the June 2026 Radiology paper uses rapidly resorbable, gelatin-based microspheres — a key distinction from earlier GAE studies that used permanent microspheres. The resorbable particles dissolve in the body over time, potentially reducing risks associated with permanent vascular occlusion in the lower extremity.

    GAE Radiology Study Key Data (June 16, 2026) Detail
    Published in Radiology (RSNA), June 16, 2026
    DOI 10.1148/radiol.253312
    Lead author Florian Nima Fleckenstein, M.D., Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
    Total patients included 333
    Patients analyzed at 12-month follow-up 272
    Microsphere type Rapidly resorbable gelatin-based microspheres
    Follow-up period 12 months
    Key finding Significant, lasting pain relief + improved functional outcomes + improved quality of life at 12 months
    Safety Established; described as “real confidence” by Dr. Fleckenstein
    Procedure type Minimally invasive; image-guided catheter-based; outpatient
    Comparison No randomized placebo control — observational cohort design
    Global OA knee prevalence (WHO) 365 million adults
    U.S. OA prevalence ~32.5 million adults

    What the Study Found — and Why Scale Matters

    According to the Radiology abstract, 333 patients were included in the study, with 272 analyzed at the 12-month follow-up point. “This lets us speak about safety and efficacy with real confidence,” Dr. Fleckenstein told ScienceDaily. The study used validated outcome measures, including patient-reported pain scores and functional assessments, to document improvement.

    The clinical finding was clear: in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis, GAE using rapidly resorbable microspheres provided long-lasting pain relief, improved functional outcomes, and enhanced quality of life across the 12-month observation period.

    According to Applied Radiology’s analysis, Dr. Fleckenstein framed the study’s significance specifically: “This study addresses osteoarthritis, which is a significant public health issue and the leading cause of chronic pain and disability worldwide. With millions of people affected by knee osteoarthritis, particularly in aging populations, finding effective, minimally invasive treatments is critical.”

    “GAE has the potential to reduce the need for more invasive surgeries, lower healthcare costs and significantly improve the quality of life for countless individuals suffering from knee osteoarthritis,” Dr. Fleckenstein added.

    An important technical caveat: this is a prospective observational cohort study, not a randomized controlled trial with a placebo or sham procedure comparison group. The absence of a randomized control arm means the study cannot fully exclude the placebo effect and selection bias as contributors to the observed outcomes. The evidence base for GAE is growing — including prior trials with permanent microspheres that also showed benefit — but the gold-standard randomized trial with a sham control remains an important next step in confirming GAE’s efficacy.

    Who Is an Appropriate Candidate for GAE?

    The procedure is designed for patients who have osteoarthritis-related knee pain that is no longer adequately controlled by conservative measures (physical therapy, NSAIDs, injections) but who are not candidates for or do not wish to pursue joint replacement surgery. This includes:

    • Patients who are too young or too active for joint replacement (where prosthetic lifespan becomes a concern)
    • Patients with medical comorbidities that increase surgical risk
    • Patients on blood thinners or immunosuppressants that complicate surgery
    • Patients who have declined joint replacement for personal reasons
    • Patients for whom prior injections have provided diminishing returns

    GAE is not appropriate for patients with advanced, end-stage osteoarthritis where the joint has lost virtually all cartilage, nor for patients with inflammatory arthritis (rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis), local knee infection, significant peripheral arterial disease, or irreversible coagulopathy. Patient selection is performed by the interventional radiologist in consultation with an orthopedic specialist or rheumatologist.

    The procedure is typically performed in an outpatient or same-day surgery setting under conscious sedation. Recovery is significantly less demanding than joint replacement — most patients resume normal activities within days rather than weeks.

    The Road to Widespread Availability

    In the United States, GAE is currently performed primarily at academic medical centers and major hospital systems with active interventional radiology programs. It is not yet widely available at community hospitals. Insurance coverage is variable; Medicare and many private insurers have not universally adopted coverage policies for GAE, though this is an active and rapidly evolving area given the growing evidence base.

    The June 2026 Radiology study’s scale — 333 patients, 272 analyzed at 12 months — represents the largest body of evidence assembled for GAE using rapidly resorbable microspheres, and it is likely to support additional insurance coverage petitions and professional society guidance updates in the coming months.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    What is genicular artery embolization (GAE)?

    GAE is a minimally invasive procedure where an interventional radiologist uses a thin catheter to navigate to the blood vessels supplying an arthritic knee joint and injects small particles that block abnormal (pathological) vessels. By reducing the vascular contribution to joint inflammation, the procedure aims to provide sustained pain relief without surgery.

    How long does the pain relief from GAE last?

    In the June 2026 Radiology study, significant pain relief and improved functional outcomes were sustained at 12-month follow-up in the 272 patients analyzed. Longer-term follow-up data is still being collected.

    Is this better than cortisone injections?

    Cortisone (corticosteroid) injections typically provide relief lasting weeks to a few months. GAE has demonstrated 12-month sustained benefit in this study and prior research, suggesting it offers more durable relief than repeat injections for appropriately selected patients. However, direct head-to-head randomized comparison with injections has not yet been published.

    What does the procedure involve?

    An interventional radiologist makes a small puncture in the femoral artery, threads a catheter to the genicular arteries of the knee, identifies abnormal blood vessels using imaging, and injects tiny resorbable microspheres that block them. The procedure is performed under fluoroscopy guidance, typically with conscious sedation, in an outpatient setting.

    Is GAE covered by insurance?

    Coverage in the U.S. varies by insurer and is still evolving. Medicare and private insurers are reviewing coverage policies as the evidence base grows. Patients should check with their insurer and the interventional radiology team about coverage and prior authorization requirements.

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  • Winter Wellness: 10 Ways to Stay Active and Healthy During the Cold Months (Target keywords: winter wellness, stay active, healthy)

    Winter Wellness: 10 Ways to Stay Active and Healthy During the Cold Months (Target keywords: winter wellness, stay active, healthy)

    As the temperatures drop and the days get shorter, it can be tempting to curl up on the couch with a warm cup of tea and hibernate until spring arrives. However, neglecting one’s physical and mental health during the winter months can have negative consequences on overall wellbeing. That’s why it’s essential to prioritize winter wellness and find ways to stay active and healthy, even when the weather outside is cold and gloomy.

    Embracing Winter Wellness

    Winter wellness is all about taking care of one’s body and mind during the cold months. It’s about finding ways to stay active, eating nutritious food, and practicing self-care to maintain a healthy and balanced lifestyle. By prioritizing winter wellness, individuals can boost their mood, increase their energy levels, and reduce the risk of illnesses like the common cold and flu. Whether it’s going for a brisk walk, practicing yoga, or simply taking a relaxing bath, there are countless ways to stay active and healthy during the winter months.

    Staying Active Indoors

    One of the biggest challenges of winter wellness is finding ways to stay active when it’s cold and icy outside. However, there are plenty of indoor activities that can get the heart rate up and keep the body moving. For example, individuals can try indoor swimming, join a gym, or take a dance class. Many community centers and gyms also offer indoor sports like basketball, soccer, and volleyball, which are great ways to stay active and socialize with others. Additionally, bodyweight exercises like push-ups, squats, and lunges can be done in the comfort of one’s own home, making it easy to stay active and healthy without having to venture out into the cold.

    Winter Sports and Activities

    For those who enjoy the outdoors, there are plenty of winter sports and activities that can be enjoyed during the cold months. Skiing, snowboarding, and ice skating are all great ways to stay active and have fun, while also getting some fresh air and vitamin D. Snowshoeing and cross-country skiing are also excellent options for those who want to explore the winter landscape without the need for expensive equipment or lift tickets. And for those who prefer something a bit more low-key, winter hiking and walking are great ways to get some exercise and enjoy the peacefulness of the winter landscape.

    Healthy Eating for Winter Wellness

    Eating a healthy and balanced diet is essential for winter wellness. During the cold months, the body needs plenty of nutrients to stay warm and energized, and a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can help to boost the immune system and keep illnesses at bay. Soups, stews, and hearty casseroles are all great options for winter, as they are warm, comforting, and packed with nutrients. Additionally, incorporating winter-specific foods like citrus fruits, sweet potatoes, and dark leafy greens into one’s diet can help to support immune function and overall health.

    Staying Hydrated

    Staying hydrated is essential for winter wellness, as the cold air can dry out the skin and mucous membranes, making it easier for illnesses to take hold. Drinking plenty of water, herbal tea, and warm broth can help to keep the body hydrated and support immune function. Additionally, avoiding sugary drinks and caffeine, which can dehydrate the body, can help to support overall health and wellbeing.

    Mindfulness and Self-Care

    Mindfulness and self-care are essential components of winter wellness. During the cold months, it’s easy to get caught up in the hustle and bustle of everyday life and neglect one’s own needs. However, taking time to practice mindfulness, whether through meditation, deep breathing, or yoga, can help to reduce stress and anxiety, and promote overall wellbeing. Additionally, engaging in self-care activities like reading, taking a relaxing bath, or getting a massage can help to promote relaxation and rejuvenation.

    Getting Enough Sleep

    Getting enough sleep is essential for winter wellness. During the cold months, the body needs plenty of rest to recover from the physical and mental demands of everyday life. Aim for 7-9 hours of sleep per night, and establish a consistent bedtime routine to help regulate the body’s internal clock. Additionally, creating a sleep-conducive environment, such as keeping the bedroom cool, dark, and quiet, can help to promote better sleep and overall health.

    Staying Social

    Staying social is an essential component of winter wellness. During the cold months, it’s easy to get isolated and withdrawn, but socializing with others can help to boost mood, reduce stress, and promote overall wellbeing. Whether it’s meeting a friend for coffee, joining a book club, or volunteering in the community, there are plenty of ways to stay social and connected during the winter months.

    Managing Seasonal Affective Disorder

    For some individuals, the winter months can be a challenging time due to Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). SAD is a type of depression that occurs during the winter months, and is characterized by symptoms such as fatigue, lethargy, and a lack of motivation. However, there are plenty of ways to manage SAD, including light therapy, medication, and talk therapy. Additionally, engaging in regular exercise, practicing mindfulness, and staying social can help to alleviate symptoms and promote overall wellbeing.

    Conclusion

    Winter wellness is all about taking care of one’s body and mind during the cold months. By staying active, eating a healthy and balanced diet, practicing mindfulness and self-care, and staying social, individuals can promote overall health and wellbeing, and reduce the risk of illnesses like the common cold and flu. Whether it’s going for a winter hike, practicing yoga, or simply taking a relaxing bath, there are countless ways to prioritize winter wellness and stay active and healthy during the cold months.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Q: What are some ways to stay active during the winter months?
    A: There are plenty of ways to stay active during the winter months, including indoor sports, bodyweight exercises, winter hiking, and snowshoeing.

    Q: How can I eat a healthy and balanced diet during the winter months?
    A: Eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can help to boost the immune system and keep illnesses at bay. Incorporating winter-specific foods like citrus fruits, sweet potatoes, and dark leafy greens can also help to support immune function and overall health.

    Q: What are some ways to prioritize mindfulness and self-care during the winter months?
    A: Practicing mindfulness through meditation, deep breathing, or yoga can help to reduce stress and anxiety, and promote overall wellbeing. Engaging in self-care activities like reading, taking a relaxing bath, or getting a massage can also help to promote relaxation and rejuvenation.

    Q: How can I manage Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)?
    A: Managing SAD can involve light therapy, medication, and talk therapy. Additionally, engaging in regular exercise, practicing mindfulness, and staying social can help to alleviate symptoms and promote overall wellbeing.

    Q: Why is it essential to prioritize winter wellness?
    A: Prioritizing winter wellness is essential for promoting overall health and wellbeing, and reducing the risk of illnesses like the common cold and flu. By staying active, eating a healthy and balanced diet, practicing mindfulness and self-care, and staying social, individuals can take care of their body and mind during the cold months, and set themselves up for a happy and healthy new year.

    winter-wellness-10-ways-to-stay-active-and-healthy-during-the-cold-months-target-keywords-winter-wellness-stay-active-healthy

  • Months Before the ByHeart Recall, Babies Were Already Sick — Parents Ask Why Early Warning Signs Were Missed

    Months Before the ByHeart Recall, Babies Were Already Sick — Parents Ask Why Early Warning Signs Were Missed

    The manufacturer ByHeart issued a voluntary recall of all its powdered infant formula products earlier this November, following a multistate outbreak of infant botulism linked to the brand’s Whole Nutrition Infant Formula.

    However, several families say their babies fell ill months earlier, between late 2024 and mid-2025, after being fed the same product. This has raised concerns about whether early warning signs were overlooked.

    According to the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), at least 31 infants across 15 states are suspected or confirmed to have developed botulism after consuming ByHeart formula during the period from 9 August to 13 November.

    Symptoms of infant botulism to watch for in babies who may have consumed the affected product include poor feeding, loss of head control, difficulty swallowing and decreased facial expression.

    Early Cases Spark Questions Over Outbreak Timing

    In California, the state health department confirmed that six babies who consumed ByHeart formula between November 2024 and June 2025 were hospitalised with infant botulism or suspected cases. A parent, in a conversation with the Associated Press, said they did not believe it was a coincidence.

    Despite these earlier illnesses, health officials say they could not establish a clear connection to the outbreak due to missing lot numbers and insufficient product samples. Dr Jennifer Cope of the CDC clarified that this does not necessarily mean the cases were unrelated.

    Expanded Recall After Bacteria Detected in Formula

    The investigation revealed that unopened cans of ByHeart formula have tested positive for Clostridium botulinum.

    On 8 November, California officials announced the confirmation of type A botulinum bacteria in an opened can linked to a recent case. ByHeart subsequently informed the FDA that tests conducted by independent laboratories on unopened cans also detected the bacterium. This prompted an expanded recall covering all lots, regardless of whether a specific illness had been reported.

    The FDA noted that while ByHeart accounts for roughly 1 percent of US formula sales, it has been associated with a disproportionately high number of the cases under investigation.

    Why Initial Cases Failed to Trigger Investigation

    For affected families, the situation has prompted frustration and confusion. As one mother asked: ‘Why did the cases beginning in August flag an investigation, but the cases that began in March did not?’

    The delay in linking the early cases to the broader outbreak appears to stem from several factors. Infant botulism is extremely rare, which complicates monitoring and trend detection. Symptoms can take weeks to appear and may initially resemble other conditions.

    Health authorities also stressed that many of the early cases lacked product lot details or retained formula containers, both of which are essential for laboratory testing and tracing the source. As a result, early clusters did not have enough statistical support to trigger a formal investigation until cases surged dramatically after August.

    Parents Urged to Stay Vigilant Amid Recall

    Ongoing enquiries by the FDA and CDC now focus on determining how contamination occurred, identifying any manufacturing or distribution issues and understanding why earlier illnesses were not flagged sooner.

    Parents are urged to remain vigilant and monitor babies closely for any symptoms, while staying informed about recall alerts.

    The incident underscores the need for stringent quality-control measures, robust supply-chain tracking and rapid regulatory action, particularly for high-risk products such as infant formula.

    While botulism linked to powdered formula is rare, this outbreak highlights how contamination in even small-market brands can lead to widespread risk.

    Authorities anticipate that the situation will lead to heightened scrutiny of formula manufacturing practices and environmental safety standards across the industry.

    Originally published on IBTimes UK

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  • UnitedHealth CEO Steps Down 6 Months After Brian Thompson Murder

    UnitedHealth CEO Steps Down 6 Months After Brian Thompson Murder

    The UnitedHealth CEO abruptly stepped down on Tuesday, six months after the CEO of UnitedHealth’s subsidiary UnitedHealthcare, Brian Thompson, was murdered.

    Andrew Witty cited “personal reasons” for stepping down from the top position. He was replaced by Stephen J. Hemsley, who previously served as the CEO from 2006 to 2017. Hemsley will continue to serve concurrently as chairman of UnitedHealth’s board of directors.

    “We are grateful for Andrew’s stewardship of UnitedHealth Group, especially during some of the most challenging times any company has ever faced,” Hemsley said in a press release. “The Board and I have greatly valued his leadership and compassion as chief executive and as a director and wish him and his family the best.”

    Additionally, the company stated it suspended its 2025 annual outlook to focus on “broadening to more types of benefit offerings than seen in the first quarter.” It added that “medical costs of many Medicare Advantage beneficiaries new to UnitedHealthcare remained higher than expected.” UnitedHealth’s outlook is expected to return in 2026.

    Thompson was fatally shot in New York on December 6, 2024. The shooter allegedly wrote “delay,” “deny” and “depose” on the bullets, seemingly in reference to a book criticizing policies for health insurance claims.

    Luigi Mangione, 26, was arrested in Pennsylvania five days later and accused of murdering Thompson. He was indicted on 11 New York state charges and four federal charges, including first-degree murder, murder in furtherance of terrorism and stalking. U.S. Attorney General Pam Bondi is seeking the death penalty for Mangione’s federal charges.

    Originally published on Latin Times

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  • Stuck On Your Weight Loss Journey? Here’s Nutritionist’s Cheat Code To Shed Pounds In 3 Months

    Stuck On Your Weight Loss Journey? Here’s Nutritionist’s Cheat Code To Shed Pounds In 3 Months

    Feeling stuck in your weight loss journey, despite your best efforts? You’re not alone, many people may face a frustrating stage where progress slows. But according to a nutritionist, the key is not in a fad diet or extreme workout—it’s consistency. Here’s the cheat code to break through the stagnation and shed substantial weight in just three months.

    “Weight loss is a journey and the secret to seeing true and lasting results is by staying consistent and not perfect,” said Amaka, a certified nutritionist in an Instagram post, where she shared a cheat code to lose 20 kg (about 44 pounds) in three months.

    For those looking to kickstart their weight loss journey or those struggling along the way, here are some practical tips from her.

    Focus on low calorie diet:

    According to Amaka, the key to weight loss is maintaining a calorie-deficit diet while staying full. She suggests consuming low-calorie, high-protein meals to achieve this and recommends adding spices like cayenne pepper, turmeric, and cinnamon to boost metabolism for faster results.

    Amaka also recommends eliminating sugar and refined carbs, as an easy trick to reduce the waistline. “Practice 80/20 rule in your nutrition, where you eat healthy 80% and allow yourself to indulge in a cheat meal 20% to help you stay consistent and not restricted, fuels your energy and boost your mood to stay consistent on your journey,” she said.

    How to eat:

    Most people know what should go on their plate while dieting, but according to Amaka, how you eat your food is just as important.

    “Eat your protein and vegetables first before your carbs, it will make you full quickly, and you will struggle to eat your carb left on your plate,” she wrote. Taking smaller plates or bowls while serving food will help to trick your brain into feeling full.

    Drink water:

    Staying hydrated helps to nourish the body and control the hunger pangs. “Always drink water 5-10 minutes before eating your meal, it will help control your appetite,” she said.

    Exercise:

    Regular physical activity is essential for both weight loss and overall well-being. Amaka recommends strength training 2–3 days a week, as it helps build muscle and keeps the body burning calories even at rest.

    “Leave the scale completely, use pictures, your fittings in your old clothes, and body measurements to track your progress, they’re always accurate. Scale fluctuates, and has made me lose hope and stop my journey because I felt I was not making progress,” she added.



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  • Struggling To Stick To Your Resolutions? It Takes At Least Two Months To Build A Habit

    Struggling To Stick To Your Resolutions? It Takes At Least Two Months To Build A Habit

    As January comes to an end, many of us may be struggling to stick to our New Year’s resolutions. But don’t give up just yet. Researchers say it takes not just 21 days but at least two months to turn a new habit into part of your routine.

    A new study from the University of South Australia (UniSA) challenges the common belief that habits form in just 21 days. The researchers examined how long it takes to establish health-related habits, such as exercise, drinking water, taking vitamins, and flossing. The results of the meta-analysis that evaluated 20 studies conducted between 2008 and 2023, involving over 2,600 participants revealed that it typically takes around two months — and in some cases, nearly a year.

    The study noted that while certain health habits took a median time of 59-66 days, some may take as long as 335 days. “Sometimes we found that the simple behaviors, (like) if someone wanted to start flossing each day, might take someone a week to get into their routine, but more complex behaviors such as changing someone’s diet and physical activity can take a lot longer,” Ben Singh, co-author of the study told CNN.

    Singh also noted that people looking to build healthy habits, such as eating better or exercising more, may have greater success if they practice them in the morning when motivation tends to be higher.

    The researchers believe that the current findings would help “people set realistic expectations” about habit formation, encouraging them to stay committed even if progress feels slow.

    The idea that habits form in 21 days traces back to plastic surgeon Maxwell Maltz, who observed that his patients, whether recovering from nose jobs or amputations, typically needed about 21 days to adjust to their new appearance. This led to the theory that people in general would take the same period to adopt a new behavior.

    “There is the possibility that it will put people off and maybe discourage them and demotivate them. (But) some people (who) may think that it’s going to take them 21 days, but then after 21 days they’re still struggling, then at least this research and this evidence provides people with some realistic benchmarks that they can follow,” Singh noted.

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