Health Journal Online

Tag: Experts

  • New World Screwworm Has Reached 16 U.S. Animals as Experts Say This Is Not an Isolated Incident

    New World Screwworm Has Reached 16 U.S. Animals as Experts Say This Is Not an Isolated Incident

    A flesh-eating parasite that the United States eradicated in 1966 has returned — and the 16 confirmed animal cases represent only the beginning of what veterinary experts and public health officials are working to contain.

    USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) confirmed the first U.S. animal case on June 3, 2026, in a three-week-old calf in Zavala County, Texas, near the Mexico border. By the CDC’s most current accounting, 16 domestically acquired animal cases have been confirmed — spread across multiple Texas counties and Lea County, New Mexico, involving cattle, goats, and at least one dog.

    There have been no confirmed human infestations with New World Screwworm acquired in the United States. The Texas Animal Health Commission has quarantined a zone covering more than 20 Texas counties, and sterile fly releases are underway. But the public health challenge now is ensuring that ranchers, pet owners, and veterinarians understand what they are looking for — because what officials can count is likely only a fraction of what is actually out there.

    Why This Matters

    The New World Screwworm is not merely an economic pest. It is a uniquely dangerous parasitic fly because it targets living tissue — not dead or decaying material. The female fly lays eggs in any open wound, body opening, or skin abrasion on a warm-blooded animal. The larvae burrow into living flesh, producing compounds that attract more female flies, which lay more eggs, which produce more larvae. An infested, untreated animal can die within one week.

    The parasite affects cattle, sheep, goats, horses, deer, feral hogs, dogs, cats, and wildlife of all kinds. It can, in rare cases, infest humans — particularly through wounds or nasal passages. While human infestations in the United States are not expected under current conditions, the risk is not zero.

    The United States eradicated NWS domestically in 1966 using the sterile insect technique — a program that has been continuously maintained in Central America to prevent northward spread. The parasite’s reappearance now reflects the northward migration of screwworm populations from Mexico, where it was detected in Chiapas in November 2024 and has been spreading ever since.

    What We Know So Far

    From USDA APHIS, CDC, Texas Animal Health Commission, and the American Farm Bureau Federation:

    • First U.S. case: June 3, 2026 — a calf in Zavala County, Texas
    • Total confirmed U.S. animal cases: 16 domestically acquired (Texas and New Mexico)
    • Species affected: Cattle, goats, and at least one dog
    • Geographic spread: Multiple Texas counties, including Zavala, La Salle, Gillespie, and others; Lea County, New Mexico
    • Quarantine zone: More than 20 Texas counties covered by Texas Animal Health Commission quarantine orders; animals cannot be moved out of the zone without prior authorization
    • Sterile fly releases: More than 129 million sterile NWS flies released in the sterile fly release zone since February 2026
    • Human cases: No locally acquired human infestations in the U.S. confirmed
    • Food safety: USDA confirms the U.S. food supply is not at risk; NWS does not infest meat

    Where the Risk Is Highest

    The primary risk zone is South Texas — specifically the ranching and farming counties near the Mexico border. The Texas Animal Health Commission’s quarantine zone includes Bandera, Coke, Crockett, Edwards, Gillespie, Jim Hogg, Kerr, Kimble, La Salle, Medina, Pecos, Schleicher, Starr, Sutton, Terrell, Tom Green, Uvalde, Val Verde, Webb, Zapata, and Zavala Counties.

    A key vulnerability that concerns veterinary parasitologists is wildlife. White-tailed deer, exotic game species, and feral hogs are abundant throughout South Texas and can serve as NWS hosts. Unlike managed livestock, these populations cannot be routinely inspected. Any infested deer or hog can carry adult flies that then lay eggs on livestock or pets within the surrounding area.

    The confirmed dog case in Lea County, New Mexico — an area outside the primary South Texas detection zone — raises specific concerns about geographic spread through pet animals that may travel or that come into contact with infested wildlife.

    The American Farm Bureau Federation noted that the South Texas detection zone includes more than 160,000 sheep and goats, and many operations involve extensive rangeland where daily animal inspection is less common than on smaller farms.

    What Doctors and Experts Say

    “Report suspicions immediately,” said Bud Dinges, executive director of the Texas Animal Health Commission, in remarks following the first confirmed detection. “Quick notification leads to quick detection. A quick response will stop the pest from spreading.”

    USDA’s Rear Admiral Michael Schmoyer, APHIS Associate Administrator and Director of the NWS Directorate, said in June that the agency had deployed 8,000 fly traps at and near the U.S.-Mexico border and collected more than 58,000 fly samples and 19,000 wild animal samples — all of which had been negative for NWS at that time. That surveillance infrastructure is expanding as confirmed cases accumulate.

    Veterinary experts and livestock industry analysts have warned that confirmed cases represent only a subset of infestations that were both detected and reported. Animals in remote rangeland, wildlife, and feral hog populations are not systematically inspected, and infestations can progress rapidly before they are identified.

    What the Evidence Shows — and What It Does Not

    The epidemiological picture is confirmed: NWS is back in the United States. The current case count reflects only what has been detected and reported through the official surveillance system — which covers managed livestock that receive veterinary attention. Wildlife and large rangeland herds without daily inspection are almost certainly carrying more cases that have not been identified.

    Scaling sterile fly production to full eradication capacity — the method that successfully eliminated NWS from the United States in the 1960s — is expected to require 18 months to two years. That means U.S. ranchers and pet owners in the affected region face an extended containment period, not a quick resolution.

    MedicalDaily Evidence Check

    • Data source: USDA APHIS, CDC, Texas Animal Health Commission
    • Confirmed U.S. animal cases: 16 domestically acquired (Texas and New Mexico, as of most recent reporting)
    • Human cases: None confirmed in the U.S.
    • Available treatments: Multiple FDA Emergency Use Authorization (EUA)-approved products exist for cattle, horses, dogs, cats, and livestock; discuss with a veterinarian
    • Key limitation: Confirmed cases are an undercount; wildlife and large rangeland herds have limited inspection capacity
    • What readers should know: Livestock owners should inspect animals daily; pet owners in affected Texas counties and southern New Mexico should check for wounds; contact a veterinarian immediately if NWS is suspected

    Who Faces the Greatest Risk?

    • Livestock producers in South Texas and southern New Mexico counties — particularly those with cattle, sheep, and goats on extensive rangeland
    • Pet owners in the affected region, particularly owners of dogs and cats that spend time outdoors or that may have wound exposure
    • Wildlife (deer, feral hogs, exotic game) that serve as unmanageable host populations
    • Newborn animals, whose umbilical area is a common wound site for initial NWS infestation
    • Animals with any wound, cut, or body opening that has not been properly cleaned and treated

    Symptoms and Warning Signs to Watch For

    On livestock and pets:

    • Draining or enlarging wounds — especially wounds that do not heal normally
    • Signs of unusual distress or pain in an animal with a wound
    • Small, cream-colored larvae (maggots) visible in or around body openings — including the nose, ears, genitalia, and navel of newborns
    • Animals shaking their heads, rubbing against fences, or scratching excessively at wound areas
    • Foul-smelling discharge from a wound

    Infestations progress rapidly. An animal showing these signs should receive immediate veterinary attention. Without treatment, NWS can kill a full-grown animal within one week.

    What You Can Do Now

    • Inspect livestock and pets daily in affected Texas and New Mexico counties — particularly any animal with a wound, cut, or recent surgery.
    • Treat all wounds promptly with an approved insecticide or wound care product. Ask your veterinarian which FDA-authorized products are appropriate for your animals — multiple EUA products are now available for cattle, horses, dogs, and cats.
    • If you suspect NWS in an animal, do not wait. Contact your veterinarian immediately and report to the Texas Animal Health Commission (1-800-550-8242) or USDA APHIS.
    • Do not move animals out of the quarantine zone without authorization from TAHC.
    • Pet owners whose dogs or cats spend time outdoors in affected counties should inspect animals after outdoor time and keep wounds covered and treated.

    Cost and Access: What Patients Should Know

    The USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service confirms that the U.S. meat supply is not at risk — screwworm does not infest meat, and affected animals would be identified before entering commerce. Consumer food safety is not a concern in this outbreak.

    Veterinary treatment of confirmed NWS cases is covered by standard livestock health insurance in most cases. For producers concerned about coverage, the USDA’s Risk Management Agency provides livestock risk protection programs. Small-scale and hobby farm owners without commercial policies should contact their county Extension office for guidance on treatment costs and emergency assistance resources.

    What Happens Next

    USDA is continuing sterile fly releases, which represent the primary long-term eradication strategy. The 18-to-24-month timeline to full eradication capacity means this will be an ongoing management challenge throughout the rest of 2026 and into 2027.

    Updated case counts and quarantine zone maps are available at Screwworm.gov. MedicalDaily will report on any expansion of the quarantine zone, new confirmed cases in additional states, or any confirmed human infestations.

    The Bottom Line

    New World Screwworm has returned to the United States for the first time in 60 years. The 16 confirmed animal cases are almost certainly a fraction of the true infestation, and the multi-year eradication timeline means ranchers, pet owners, and veterinarians in affected regions of Texas and New Mexico face a sustained public health challenge. The food supply is safe. Human risk remains very low. But animal owners in the quarantine zone need to act now — inspect daily, treat wounds immediately, and report any suspected infestation without delay.

    Source link

  • You Probably Do This Every Day- But Experts Warn It’s Harming Your Child’s Development

    You Probably Do This Every Day- But Experts Warn It’s Harming Your Child’s Development

    You ask your child to put the phone down, concerned about the effects of too much screen time on their developing brain. But what if the problem is not just their habits, but yours?

    New research suggests that it is not enough to simply limit a child’s screen time, but the way parents use technology around their children can influence a child’s cognitive development, emotional well-being, and even how much time kids themselves spend on screens.

    Many parents scroll through their phones during mealtime or playtime, often without thinking twice. But this seemingly harmless habit is creating a growing disruption known as “phubbing”, when technology gets in the way of face-to-face connection.

    Since young children rely on their parents’ attention and responsiveness to feel secure, explore their world, and develop emotionally, when this connection is interrupted, it can quietly affect their healthy development, suggests the researchers of the latest study published in the journal JAMA Network Open.

    The researchers evaluated over 6,000 studies on how parents use technology around their young children and further narrowed it down to include only studies that focused on healthy children from birth to about 5 years old. These studies explored how a parent’s use of phones or other devices in front of their child, called parental technology use (PTU), might be linked to factors such as the child’s brain development, emotional health, movement skills, screen time, sleep, and physical activity.

    The findings revealed that when parents use technology around their young children, it is linked to lower cognitive development, higher internalizing and externalizing behaviors, and weaker attachment. Children also spent more time on screens. The effects were consistent regardless of the type of technology used.

    “Parents’ use of technology in their child’s presence was negatively associated with cognitive and psychosocial outcomes and screen time among young children, although the effect sizes were small. Further research focusing on potential impacts on physical activity, sleep, and motor skills is needed,” the researchers concluded.

    The researchers stress that these findings do not mean technological devices are “inherently harmful,” as they can be useful tools for parents. However, managing how and when devices are used around children could help reduce possible negative effects. One helpful approach may be co-viewing or co-using devices with children, which has been “positively associated with cognitive outcomes” in early childhood.

    Source link

  • RFK Jr. Pushes Unproven Measles Treatments Amid Surge; Experts Urge Vaccination

    RFK Jr. Pushes Unproven Measles Treatments Amid Surge; Experts Urge Vaccination

    As measles cases spike in Texas, affecting 159 people, hospitalizing 22, and claiming the life of a school-aged child, U.S. Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. expressed “deep concern” about the outbreak while promoting an unconventional treatment protocol.

    “As the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, I am deeply concerned about the recent measles outbreak,” Kennedy Jr. said in a statement.

    In a Fox News interview, Kennedy Jr. praised measles treatment using vitamin A, the steroid budesonide, the antibiotic clarithromycin, and cod liver oil, claiming they yield “good results.” However, health experts warn that it should not replace vaccination and caution against relying on it entirely.

    Measles is a highly contagious virus that spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It starts with fever, cough, and red, watery eyes before a telltale rash appears. While most cases resolve on their own, complications like pneumonia, blindness, and brain inflammation can be severe, especially for unvaccinated individuals.

    Kennedy Jr. acknowledged that vaccines not only protect individual children from measles but also contribute to community immunity, safeguarding those who cannot be vaccinated for medical reasons. However, in an opinion piece on Fox Nation, Kennedy Jr. said the decision to vaccinate kids will be a personal choice. Meanwhile, he emphasized the importance of good nutrition and the consumption of vitamins such as A, B12, C, D, and E as the “best defense against” chronic and infectious illnesses.

    He also pointed to a 2010 study showing that two doses of vitamin A treatment reduced measles mortality by 62%. The same study found that the measles vaccine is highly effective, with one dose preventing 85–95% of cases and two doses up to 98%.

    Since vaccines remain the only proven way to prevent outbreaks, some doctors worry that promoting unconventional therapies during a surge could undermine vaccination efforts and fuel misinformation online.

    The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reaffirmed last week that vaccination remains the strongest defense against measles, as no specific antiviral treatment exists. However, the agency acknowledged that supportive care, including vitamin A administration under the guidance of a physician may help in managing the infection.

    “Relying on vitamin A instead of the vaccine is not only dangerous and ineffective, but it puts children at serious risk,” Dr. Sue Kressly, president of the American Academy of Pediatrics, told The Washington Post.

    Experts like Dr. Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security believes that supplementation with vitamin A helps in cases where there are deficiencies but it “really doesn’t have much of a role in the current discussion on the West Texas measles epidemic because it becomes a distraction about what we really need to focus on, which is vaccinating our kids.”

    Source link