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  • Get Support If You’re a Caregiver – MyHealthfinder

    Get Support If You’re a Caregiver – MyHealthfinder

    The Basics

    Overview

    When you’re taking care of a loved one, it’s important to care for yourself, too. The emotional and physical stress of being a caregiver can cause health problems — so get the support you need to take care of your own health.

    What is a caregiver?

    An informal or family caregiver is someone who helps a family member, friend, or neighbor who is sick or has a disability. Caregivers often provide unpaid assistance with basic daily tasks.

    You may be a caregiver if you regularly help someone with:

    • Shopping for groceries and cooking
    • Cleaning the house
    • Bathing, toileting, dressing, and eating
    • Taking and keeping track of medicine
    • Keeping wounds clean or giving shots
    • Providing car rides to appointments
    • Managing personal services, like talking with doctors or paying bills 

    About 1 in 5 adults in the United States are caregivers. Most caregivers also have other jobs, and about 1 in 4 spend more than 20 hours a week caring for a loved one.

    Caregiver Stress

    The stress of caregiving can lead to health problems.

    When you’re caring for a loved one, it can be hard to take care of your own health. Caregivers are at higher risk of getting sick, like with a cold or the flu. They’re also more likely to have long-term health problems — like arthritis, diabetes, or depression.

    You may have caregiver stress if you:

    • Feel angry or sad often
    • Feel like taking care of your loved one is more than you can handle
    • Feel like you don’t have time to care for yourself
    • Sleep too much or too little
    • Notice a change in your eating habits
    • Lose interest in things you used to enjoy

    Find out more about caregiver stress.

    The good news is that you can lower your risk for health problems and caregiver stress if you take care of yourself and get support.

    Take Action

    Physical Health

    Take care of your body.

    Stress from caregiving can lead to problems like back pain and trouble sleeping. Taking care of yourself will give you the energy and strength to handle the demands of caregiving.

    Here are some ways to take care of your body:

    • Eat healthy to keep your body strong. Making healthy food choices will help protect you from heart disease, bone loss, and high blood pressure. Get tips for healthy eating.
    • Get active to give you more energy. Aim for 150 minutes a week of moderate-intensity aerobic activity, like walking fast or dancing. And try to do muscle-strengthening activities at least 2 days a week. Find out how to get active.
    • Take steps to prevent back pain, like keeping your back straight and bending your knees when you lift something heavy. Get tips for preventing back pain.
    • Make sure you get enough sleep. Most adults need 7 or more hours of sleep each night. Learn how to get enough sleep.

    Mental Health

    Take care of your mental health.

    It’s important to take care of your mental health. Consider these tips:

    • Find ways to manage stress. You can start by taking a few slow, deep breaths several times during the day. Get more tips for managing stress.
    • Do something for yourself! Set aside time each day to do something you enjoy. Try reading, listening to music, or talking to a friend.
    • Ask a neighbor or friend to visit with your loved one while you take time to rest, take a walk, or gain a fresh perspective.
    • Get support from others to help you cope with the emotional stress of caregiving.

    It can also help to hear from other people who are caring for a loved one — their experiences may be similar to yours. Check out these stories from other caregivers.

    Content last updated December 2, 2025

    Reviewer Information

    This information on support for caregivers is adapted from materials from the Administration on Aging and the Office on Women’s Health.

    Reviewed by:

    Bernice Hutchinson
    Aging Services Program Specialist
    Administration for Community Living

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  • The Best Leaders Think: What About Me, What About You?

    The Best Leaders Think: What About Me, What About You?

    Many fail in leadership positions, despite outstanding individual performance. Daniel Goleman explains that they often miss two important mental stances, which the best leaders understand as critical to the job.

    A candidate for CEO told me he felt ready to take over an organization—his first post at the top—after he had gone through a leadership workshop. At the end, the trainer told him that he was an outstanding leader…potentially. It left the candidate wondering: What qualities do the best leaders have? And are they what we assume they are? 

    Of course he had never led a company before, and so had no track record. But he exuded self-confidence. Was that enough?

    That CEO candidate came to mind recently when I heard a new rap song that has two refrains:

    What about me?

    What will make me happy? What do I want to do? Where am I going?

    These are, of course, the kinds of thoughts that guide us through our days. Research at Harvard finds that we spend an average of half our time lost in thoughts about ourselves, how our relationships are going, and the like—and that this escalates to around 90 percent while we commute, at work, and while we are looking at a video screen (as you are probably doing right now).

    What’s Happening In the Brain & Why That Matters

    The brain circuitry for these me-thoughts lies in the mid-section of the prefrontal cortex, the brain’s executive center, just behind the forehead. Sometimes called the “mind-wandering circuit,” this area seems to spring into action as the brain’s default mode. While we are actively focusing on something—say a project at work—this default mode stays quiet. But the minute we lose our focus, it turns on, steering our thoughts away from work and back to our me-concerns.

    That’s why staying focused takes active effort. The good news: it can be enhanced with systematic training. And in today’s hyper-distracted life, the ability to get focused at will and stay that way has greater and greater value.

    The brain capacity to focus uses prefrontal circuits that also help us manage our feelings and stir positive attitudes and goals—and have the grit to achieve them.

    That “about you” requires using different circuitry in the brain. Those promoted to leadership at any level, from team to CEO, need to be adept in social awareness and relationship management—all functions of the brain’s social circuitry.

    These two mental stances—about me, about you—each represent the activity of very different parts of our brain’s wiring, and full emotional intelligence requires we use both. The first two parts of emotional intelligence—self-awareness and self-management—are “about me.” A high-performing leader first must lead herself.

    But then there are the needs of everyone else, and of the whole organization. That “about you” requires using different circuitry in the brain. Those promoted to leadership at any level, from team to CEO, need to be adept in social awareness and relationship management—all functions of the brain’s social circuitry.

    That’s what the second refrain from that rap song—What about you?—refers to. In other words, I’m tuning into what you feel, think, and need. That’s what leadership requires—and what I failed to hear from this would-be CEO. He said nothing of his vision for the organization, his ideas for fresh strategies, nor how it was doing in its competitive ecosystem and how he might help it do better. There was no “about you” in his thinking.

    Our “about you” circuits are to be found in the social brain. They come in distinct flavors: one circuit guides our understanding of the other person’s thoughts; other circuits tune into their feelings. And still another set of circuits determine whether we want to help that person.

    And those who fail in a leadership position, despite having been outstanding as individual performers, very often have a deficit here. Highly effective leaders have all three going.



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  • Run Wild: Join a Safari in Africa and Go on a Life-Changing Wildlife Adventure

    Run Wild: Join a Safari in Africa and Go on a Life-Changing Wildlife Adventure

    Africa, the cradle of humanity, is home to some of the most breathtaking and awe-inspiring wildlife on the planet. The mere mention of the word “safari” conjures up images of majestic elephants, roaring lions, and towering giraffes roaming free in their natural habitats. Embarking on a safari in Africa is not just a vacation; it’s a life-changing experience that will leave you with unforgettable memories and a deep appreciation for the beauty and diversity of the African wilderness.

    Introduction to African Safaris

    African safaris offer a unique opportunity to explore the continent’s vast and varied landscapes, teeming with an incredible array of flora and fauna. From the sun-drenched savannas of the Serengeti to the lush forests of the Congo Basin, each region boasts its own distinct charm and attractions. Whether you’re a seasoned adventurer or just starting to plan your first safari, the options are endless, and the experiences are unparalleled.

    Choosing Your Safari Destination

    With so many incredible safari destinations to choose from, selecting the perfect one can be daunting. Some of the most popular spots include the Maasai Mara in Kenya, known for its abundant lion populations and the annual wildebeest migration; the Okavango Delta in Botswana, famous for its lush waterways and diverse birdlife; and Kruger National Park in South Africa, one of Africa’s largest game reserves, offering a wide range of accommodation options from budget-friendly to luxury.

    Each destination offers a unique blend of wildlife, landscapes, and cultural experiences. For instance, the Serengeti in Tanzania is renowned for the Great Migration, one of the most spectacular wildlife events on Earth, where millions of wildebeest, zebras, and gazelles migrate in search of greener pastures. The choice of destination often depends on the time of year, personal preferences, and the type of experience you’re looking for.

    Planning Your Safari

    Planning a safari can be complex, with many factors to consider, including the best time to visit, transportation, accommodation, and safety. Most safaris are guided, which means you’ll have the expertise of a local guide or tour operator to help navigate the wilderness and identify the incredible array of wildlife. These guides are often highly knowledgeable about the local flora and fauna, offering insights into the behavior, habitats, and conservation status of the animals you encounter.

    When planning, it’s also essential to consider the type of safari experience you prefer. Options range from traditional game drives in vehicles to more adventurous walking safaris or even horseback riding through the bush. For those looking for a more luxurious experience, many high-end safari lodges offer fine dining, spas, and comfortable accommodations, providing a serene retreat after a day of exploring.

    The Wildlife Experience

    The heart of any safari is, of course, the wildlife. Africa is home to the Big Five: lions, leopards, elephants, buffalo, and rhinoceros, each offering a unique and thrilling encounter. Witnessing a pride of lions lazing in the sun, seeing a leopard draped elegantly across a tree branch, or watching a herd of elephants make their way to a watering hole are experiences that will leave you in awe of nature’s grandeur.

    Beyond the Big Five, the diversity of wildlife in Africa is staggering, with countless species of antelopes, birds, reptiles, and insects. The thrill of spotting your first giraffe, hyena, or cheetah in the wild is unforgettable, and the educational aspect of learning about these animals’ habitats, behaviors, and the challenges they face in the wild adds depth to the experience.

    Conservation and Responsible Safari Tourism

    As exciting as safaris can be, it’s also important to consider the impact of tourism on the environment and local communities. Responsible safari tourism plays a significant role in conservation efforts, supporting local economies and promoting the protection of wildlife habitats. By choosing tour operators and lodges that adhere to sustainable and ethical practices, visitors can contribute positively to the preservation of Africa’s incredible biodiversity.

    Many safari destinations are now integrating community-based tourism initiatives, where a portion of the revenue generated from tourism goes directly back into local communities, supporting education, healthcare, and conservation projects. This not only benefits the local populace but also fosters a sense of ownership and pride in wildlife conservation among community members.

    Cultural Encounters

    A safari in Africa is not just about wildlife; it’s also a rich cultural experience. Many tours offer the opportunity to visit local villages, interact with indigenous communities, and learn about their traditional ways of life. The Maasai people, for example, are known for their vibrant culture and warm hospitality, offering visitors a glimpse into their customs, rituals, and daily life.

    These cultural encounters provide a deeper understanding of the complex relationships between humans and wildlife in Africa, highlighting the challenges faced by local communities in balancing their livelihoods with the need to conserve wildlife and natural resources. They also offer a unique opportunity to support local artisans and economies by purchasing handicrafts or participating in community-based tourism activities.

    Safety and Health

    Safety and health are paramount considerations when planning a safari. Guided tours are generally very safe, with experienced guides and robust safety protocols in place to minimize risks. However, it’s essential to follow guidelines and instructions provided by your guide, stay in designated areas, and be mindful of your surroundings at all times.

    Health precautions are also crucial, including vaccinations, malaria prophylaxis (depending on your destination), and adequate sun protection. Staying hydrated, bringing necessary medications, and being prepared for variable weather conditions are also important aspects of safari preparation.

    Conclusion

    Embarking on a safari in Africa is a journey that will touch your heart, expand your mind, and leave you with memories to cherish for a lifetime. It’s an adventure that allows you to disconnect from the hustle and bustle of daily life and reconnect with nature in its most pristine and awe-inspiring form. Whether you’re drawn to the thrill of the wild, the beauty of the landscapes, or the warmth of the African people, a safari experience has something for everyone.

    As you plan your safari adventure, remember the importance of responsible tourism, the thrill of wildlife encounters, and the joy of cultural immersion. With careful planning, an open mind, and a sense of adventure, your African safari will be a life-changing experience that you will always treasure.

    FAQs

    1. What is the best time to go on a safari?

      • The best time for a safari depends on the destination and the type of experience you’re looking for. Generally, the dry season (from May to October) is considered the best time for game viewing in most African countries.

    2. How do I choose a responsible safari tour operator?

      • Look for operators that are members of recognized conservation and tourism associations, have clear policies on sustainability and community engagement, and offer transparent information about their operations and impacts.

    3. What should I pack for a safari?

      • Essential items include comfortable clothing, sturdy shoes, binoculars, a good camera, sunscreen, insect repellent, and any personal medications. The specific gear may vary depending on the type of safari and the time of year.

    4. Are safaris safe?

      • Generally, yes. Safaris are considered safe when you follow the guidelines and instructions provided by your guide. However, it’s crucial to be aware of your surroundings and take necessary precautions to minimize risks.

    5. Can I go on a safari if I have health issues?

      • It’s advisable to consult with your doctor before planning a safari, especially if you have any health concerns. Certain health conditions may require special precautions or medications, and your doctor can provide personalized advice based on your health status and the destination you’re planning to visit.

  • How Low Can LDL Cholesterol Go on PCSK9 Inhibitors?

    How Low Can LDL Cholesterol Go on PCSK9 Inhibitors?

    People with genetic mutations that leave them with an LDL cholesterol of 30 mg/dL live exceptionally long lives. Can we duplicate that effect with drugs?

    Data extrapolated from large cholesterol-lowering trials using statin drugs suggest that the incidence of cardiovascular events like heart attacks would approach zero if LDL cholesterol could be forced down below 60 mg/dL for first-time prevention and around 30 mg/dL for those trying to prevent another one. But is lower actually better? And is it even safe to have LDL cholesterol levels that low?

    We didn’t know until PCSK9 inhibitors were invented. Are PCSK9 Inhibitors for LDL Cholesterol Safe and Effective? I explore that issue in my video of the same name. PCSK9 is a gene that mutated to give people such low LDL cholesterol, and that’s how Big Pharma thought of trying to cripple PCSK9 with drugs. After a heart attack, intensive lowering of an individual’s LDL cholesterol beyond a target of 70 mg/dL does seem to work better than more moderate lowering. There were fewer cardiovascular deaths, heart attacks, or strokes at an LDL less than 30 mg/dL compared with 70 mg/dL or higher, and even compared to less than 70 mg/dL. There is a consistent risk reduction even when starting as low as an average of 63 mg/dL, and pushing LDL down to 21 mg/dL, remarkably, showed “no observed offsetting” of adverse side effects.

    Maybe that shouldn’t be so surprising, since that’s about the level at which we start life. And there’s another type of genetic mutation that leaves people with LDL levels of about 30 mg/dL their whole lives, and they are known to have an exceptionally long life expectancy. So, where did we get this idea that cholesterol could fall too low?

    The common claim that lowering cholesterol can be dangerous due to depletion of cell cholesterol is unsupported by evidence and does not consider the exquisite balancing mechanisms our body uses. After all, that’s how we evolved. Until recently, most of us used to have LDL levels around 50 mg/dL, so that’s pretty normal for the human species. The absence of evidence that low or lowered cholesterol levels are somehow bad for us contrasts with the overwhelming evidence that cholesterol reduction decreases risk for coronary artery disease, our number one killer.

    What about hormone production, though? Since the body needs cholesterol for the synthesis of steroid hormones—like adrenal hormones and sex hormones—there’s a concern that there wouldn’t be enough. You don’t know, though, until you put it to the test. For decades, we’ve known that women on cholesterol-lowering drugs don’t have a problem with estrogen production and that lowering cholesterol doesn’t affect adrenal gland function. As well, it doesn’t impair testicular function in terms of causing testosterone levels to fall below normal. If anything, statin drugs can improve erectile function in men, which is what you’d expect from lowering cholesterol. But you’ll notice these studies only looked at lowering LDL to 70 mg/dL or below. What about really low LDL?

    On PCSK9 inhibitors, you can get most people under an LDL of 40 mg/dL and some under 15 mg/dL! And there is no evidence that adrenal, ovarian, or testicular hormone production is impaired, even in patients with LDL levels below 15 mg/dL. The risk of heart attacks falls in a straight line as LDL gets lower and lower, even below 10 mg/dL, for example, without apparent safety concerns, but that’s over the duration of exposure to these drugs. The longest follow-up to date of those whose LDL, by way of using multiple medications, was kept less than 30 mg/dL is six years.

    Now, we can take comfort in the fact that those with extreme PCSK9 mutations, leading to a lifelong reduction in levels of LDL to under 20 mg/dL their whole lives, remain healthy and have healthy kids. Cholesterol-affecting mutations are what cause the so-called “longevity syndromes,” but that doesn’t necessarily mean the drugs are safe. The bottom line is we should try to get our LDL cholesterol down as low as we can, but much longer follow-up data are necessary anytime a new class of drugs is introduced. So far, so good, but we’ve only been following the data for about 10 years. For example, we didn’t know statins increased diabetes risk until decades after they were approved and millions had been exposed. Also worth noting: PCSK9 inhibitors cost about $14,000 a year.

    Doctor’s Note

    How can we decrease cholesterol with diet? See Trans Fat, Saturated Fat, and Cholesterol: Tolerable Upper Intake of Zero.

    For more on statin drugs, see the related posts below. 



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  • Common Causes, Hidden Health Risks, and What to Do

    Common Causes, Hidden Health Risks, and What to Do

    Appetite loss elderly adults experience is often brushed off as a normal part of aging, yet it quietly reshapes daily health. Changes in smell, taste, digestion, and hormone signaling reduce the pleasure of eating, while emotional shifts can further weaken hunger cues. When meals become smaller or skipped, calories and protein fall below what aging bodies still need for strength, balance, and immunity. Over time, this creates a gap between nutritional needs and actual intake that many families do not notice until weight drops or energy fades.

    Senior nutrition issues also reflect how complex later-life health becomes. Medications, chronic disease, and social isolation frequently overlap, making eating feel like work instead of enjoyment. Appetite loss in the elderly rarely has a single cause, but understanding its roots helps caregivers and older adults respond earlier, before weakness, illness, or loss of independence take hold.

    Appetite Loss Elderly: Physiological and Sensory Causes

    Appetite loss elderly populations face is strongly tied to biological aging. According to the National Library of Medicine, reduced taste and smell sensitivity, slower digestion, and hormonal shifts all lower hunger signals and interest in food. Ghrelin, the hormone that stimulates appetite, declines with age, while leptin signaling becomes less responsive, dulling the normal rhythm of hunger and fullness. Foods may taste bland, textures feel unpleasant, and meals lose their appeal.

    Senior nutrition issues grow when physical changes stack up. Tooth loss or poorly fitting dentures limit food choices, dehydration creates a constant sense of fullness, and a slower metabolism lowers perceived hunger even when nutrients are still required. Over time, these factors push older adults toward smaller portions that no longer meet protein or calorie needs, accelerating muscle loss and fatigue.

    Senior Nutrition Issues: Medical and Medication Triggers

    Senior nutrition issues often reflect underlying medical conditions rather than aging alone. Based on a study conducted by the Cleveland Clinic, chronic illnesses such as heart failure, COPD, cancer, and neurological disorders commonly suppress appetite through fatigue, breathlessness, nausea, or swallowing difficulty. Dementia can disrupt mealtime focus, while Parkinson’s disease may make eating physically exhausting.

    Appetite loss elderly adults experience is also closely linked to medications. Antidepressants, opioids, heart drugs, and diabetes medications frequently alter taste, cause nausea, or reduce stomach motility. When several prescriptions are combined, side effects intensify. Even mild nausea or dry mouth can shrink portions day after day, quietly creating nutritional deficits that worsen existing disease and slow recovery.

    Appetite Loss Elderly Health Risks and Complications

    Appetite loss elderly individuals face carries serious health consequences. According to the World Health Organization, unintentional weight loss in older adults is a major marker of malnutrition and frailty, raising the risk of infections, hospitalization, and early mortality. Muscle loss reduces balance and strength, making falls and fractures more likely, while low protein intake weakens immune defenses.

    Senior nutrition issues also affect mental and cognitive health. Deficiencies in vitamin B12, vitamin D, and iron are linked to anemia, confusion, and declining memory. Reduced food intake can worsen depression, creating a cycle where low mood further suppresses appetite. Without intervention, these risks compound, pushing older adults toward dependence and reduced quality of life.

    Interventions for Senior Nutrition Issues Recovery

    Managing senior nutrition issues requires practical, flexible strategies. Smaller, frequent meals often work better than large portions, especially when digestion is slow. Nutrient-dense foods, such as eggs, yogurt, nut butters, and soups, provide more protein and calories without overwhelming the stomach. Flavor enhancers and varied textures can revive interest when taste changes dull enjoyment.

    Appetite loss elderly adults experience often improves with social support. Shared meals encourage longer eating time and higher intake than eating alone. Light physical activity before meals can stimulate hunger hormones, while oral nutrition supplements help fill gaps when regular food is not enough. Medication reviews with healthcare providers may also uncover appetite-suppressing side effects that can be adjusted safely.

    A Healthier Path Forward for Aging Appetites

    Appetite loss elderly adults face is not just about eating less; it reflects how aging, illness, and daily habits intersect. When senior nutrition issues go unnoticed, the body pays the price through weakness, illness, and lost independence.

    Paying attention to early weight changes, meal patterns, and enjoyment of food opens the door to timely support. With thoughtful adjustments, shared meals, and medical guidance, appetite can improve and nourishment can follow. Addressing appetite loss in the elderly protects strength, dignity, and daily life, reminding us that eating well remains essential at every age.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    1. What is considered appetite loss in the elderly?

    Appetite loss in the elderly usually means a noticeable decrease in interest in food or reduced portion sizes over time. It often shows up as skipped meals or early fullness. Even small changes can matter if they persist. Monitoring weight and meal habits helps identify problems early.

    2. Is appetite loss a normal part of aging?

    Some appetite changes are common with aging, but significant or ongoing appetite loss is not inevitable. Medical conditions, medications, and emotional factors often play a role. Treating these issues can restore appetite. It should never be ignored as “just aging.”

    3. When should appetite loss be a concern?

    Appetite loss becomes concerning when it leads to unintended weight loss, weakness, or fatigue. A loss of 5% body weight within six months is a warning sign. Changes in mood or frequent illness also signal risk. Medical advice is important at this stage.

    4. How can caregivers help with appetite loss elderly adults experience?

    Caregivers can offer smaller meals more often and focus on favorite foods. Eating together and creating a relaxed mealtime routine can help. Watching for medication side effects is also important. Early support often prevents bigger health problems later.



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  • Respiratory Protection – Overview | Occupational Safety and Health Administration

    Respiratory Protection – Overview | Occupational Safety and Health Administration

    Respirators

    Millions of workers are required to wear respirators in various workplaces throughout the United States. Respirators protect workers against insufficient oxygen environments, harmful dusts, fogs, smokes, mists, gases, vapors, and sprays. These hazards may cause cancer, lung impairment, diseases, or death. Compliance with the OSHA Respiratory Protection Standard could avert hundreds of deaths and thousands of illnesses annually.

    Respirators protect the user in two basic ways. The first is by the removal of contaminants from the air. Respirators of this type include particulate respirators, which filter out airborne particles, and air-purifying respirators with cartridges/canisters which filter out chemicals and gases. Other respirators protect by supplying clean respirable air from another source. Respirators that fall into this category include airline respirators, which use compressed air from a remote source, and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), which include their own air supply.

    General Guidance

    Provides links to a variety of guidance documents, web pages, and online tools related to respiratory protection.

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    Respiratory Protection Training Videos

    Links to a variety of training videos related to respiratory protection.

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    Standards

    Respiratory protection is addressed in specific OSHA standards for general industry, maritime, and construction.

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    Enforcement

    Highlights the most commonly used OSHA directives (instructions to OSHA staff) and letters of interpretation (official letters of interpretation of the standards) related to respiratory protection.

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    Additional Resources

    Provides links to a variety of resources, such as documents, web pages, and online tools, related to respiratory protection.

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    Spanish Resources

    Provides links and references to additional resources related to respiratory protection in Spanish.

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  • Celebrating 10 years of the DC Podcast

    Celebrating 10 years of the DC Podcast


    Ten years ago, the Dietitian Connection (DC) podcast started with a simple idea and a big belief in the power of dietitians. This month we’re celebrating 10 years of the DC Podcast with a very special reflective episode.

    Back in January 2016, DC was a community of just over 4,000 members, supported by a small group of passionate volunteers. Today, it’s a global network of 57,000 dietitians, backed by a dedicated team across Australia and the US.

    In this anniversary episode, Maree Ferguson is joined by Kate Agnew (one of DC’s early contributors), to reflect on what’s changed over the past decade. From the evolution of dietetics and technology (including the rise of AI), to leadership lessons, personal growth, and building connection in a virtual world.

    It’s a conversation about courage, community, and what’s possible when you’re willing to start before you have all the answers.

    Hosted by Maree Ferguson

    Biography

    Dr Maree Ferguson founded Dietitian Connection in 2012. Maree is an Advanced Accredited Practising Dietitian, Fellow of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, and is an internationally renowned nutrition and dietetics expert. She was previously the Director Nutrition and Dietetics, Princess Alexandra Hospital. Prior to this, Maree worked at an international medical nutrition company in the United States. She has held leadership positions both within Dietitians Australia and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Maree developed the Malnutrition Screening Tool to identify patients at risk of malnutrition. Her innovative malnutrition screening tool has been implemented in many hospitals worldwide.

     

    Kate Agnew is an Accredited Practising Dietitian (APD) and Account Director at Dietitian Connection, known for her work across health communications, compliance and marketing. With a Master’s in Dietetics and further training in Marketing and Brand Management, she has spoken at national and international conferences and received Dietitians Australia’s Young Achiever of the Year award (2023).


    In this episode, we discuss:

    • How dietetics and technology have evolved

    • Lessons from a decade of leadership and growth

    • Navigating career, life stages, and self-trust

    • What’s possible next — for DC and for you

    Additional resources

    Click here for 20% off Nutrition Therapy for Fertility. Use the code DIETITIAN and enrol before 13 March 2026.

     

    The content, products and/or services referred to in this podcast are intended for Health Care Professionals only and are not, and are not intended to be, medical advice, which should be tailored to your individual circumstances. The content is for your information only, and we advise that you exercise your own judgement before deciding to use the information provided. Professional medical advice should be obtained before taking action. The reference to particular products and/or services in this episode does not constitute any form of endorsement. Please see  here  for terms and conditions.


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  • Hidden Medical Causes You Shouldn’t Ignore

    Hidden Medical Causes You Shouldn’t Ignore

    Sweating is the body’s natural cooling system, but excessive sweating causes concern when it appears without heat or movement. People may notice soaked shirts while sitting still or night sweats that drench bedding and interrupt sleep. These episodes often feel unpredictable and embarrassing, making daily routines harder to manage.

    The body has millions of eccrine sweat glands controlled by the nervous system, and even small disruptions can push sweat production far beyond what is needed. Hyperhidrosis, medication effects, hormone shifts, and infections all alter how these glands behave. Understanding why sweating occurs at rest helps separate normal responses from signs that the body is under medical stress.

    What Is Hyperhidrosis and Why It Happens

    Hyperhidrosis is a medical condition in which sweat glands produce far more sweat than the body needs for temperature control, even in cool or resting states. The problem lies in overactive nerve signals to eccrine glands, not in excess heat, fever, or physical activity.

    This condition is often misunderstood because people assume sweating must always serve a cooling purpose. In hyperhidrosis, sweating follows a neurologic pattern rather than an environmental one, which helps separate it from other excessive sweating causes. Key characteristics include:

    • Persistent sweating unrelated to exercise or warm weather
    • Symmetrical sweating on palms, soles, underarms, or face
    • Symptoms that often lessen or stop during sleep
    • Onset in childhood or adolescence
    • Emotional stress acting as a trigger, not the root cause
    • Normal body temperature and hormone levels in primary cases

    Recognizing these features helps identify hyperhidrosis early and guides appropriate treatment before symptoms begin to interfere with daily life, work, or social confidence.

    Types of Hyperhidrosis and Night Sweats

    Excessive sweating causes fall into two main categories: primary hyperhidrosis and secondary sweating linked to medical conditions. Hyperhidrosis is usually focal, affecting palms, soles, underarms, or the face, and often begins in adolescence. It tends to be symmetrical and unrelated to body temperature, pointing to nerve overstimulation rather than overheating.

    According to the International Hyperhidrosis Society, primary hyperhidrosis affects about 3–5% of people worldwide and is driven by overactive cholinergic nerves that stimulate sweat glands without a clear trigger. Night sweats, on the other hand, are usually generalized and suggest systemic issues such as menopause, infections, or certain cancers. Distinguishing focal hyperhidrosis from whole-body night sweats helps narrow the underlying cause.

    Diagnosis Approaches for Night Sweats and Hyperhidrosis

    Proper evaluation of night sweats and hyperhidrosis relies on both clinical history and targeted testing. Doctors often begin by mapping sweat distribution and timing, noting whether symptoms are focal or generalized. Simple office tests, such as the starch-iodine test, visually confirm excessive sweating areas.

    Based on guidance from Johns Hopkins Medicine, blood tests are essential to rule out thyroid disease, infections, diabetes, and inflammatory disorders when night sweats are present. Imaging may be used if malignancy or lung disease is suspected. These diagnostic steps help ensure treatment targets the true cause rather than masking symptoms.

    Treatment Strategies for Hyperhidrosis Relief

    Treatment for hyperhidrosis focuses on reducing sweat output while addressing any underlying condition. Mild cases respond well to topical aluminum chloride, which temporarily blocks sweat ducts. Prescription wipes containing anticholinergic agents reduce nerve signals without significant systemic effects.

    According to the Mayo Clinic, botulinum toxin injections are highly effective for underarm hyperhidrosis, often reducing sweating for six months or longer. More persistent cases may benefit from iontophoresis, oral medications, or energy-based therapies that disable sweat glands. Night sweats improve when the root cause, such as hormonal imbalance or infection, is treated directly.

    Taking Control of Excessive Sweating and Night Sweats

    Excessive sweating causes are not always obvious, but patterns offer valuable clues. Whether symptoms appear as focal hyperhidrosis or widespread night sweats, they reflect how the nervous system and hormones interact with sweat glands. Paying attention to timing, triggers, and distribution helps guide accurate diagnosis.

    By understanding excessive sweating causes, night sweats, and hyperhidrosis, people can move from frustration to practical control. Many treatments are effective, and early evaluation prevents years of discomfort. With the right approach, sweating no longer has to dictate confidence, comfort, or sleep quality.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    1. Is excessive sweating always a sign of hyperhidrosis?

    No, excessive sweating is not always hyperhidrosis. It can result from infections, medications, or hormonal changes. Hyperhidrosis is usually focal and long-standing. Medical evaluation helps tell the difference.

    2. Are night sweats dangerous?

    Night sweats are not always dangerous, but they should not be ignored. Occasional episodes may relate to room temperature or stress. Persistent night sweats can signal infection or hormonal imbalance. A doctor can rule out serious causes.

    3. Can anxiety alone cause excessive sweating?

    Anxiety can increase sweating through stress hormone release. However, it rarely explains severe or constant sweating. Many people with hyperhidrosis also report anxiety as a result, not the cause. Treating sweating often reduces anxiety symptoms.

    4. What is the most effective treatment for hyperhidrosis?

    The best treatment depends on severity and location. Topical treatments work for mild cases, while injections or devices help moderate to severe symptoms. No single therapy fits everyone. A tailored plan offers the best relief.



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  • Adventure Awaits: Must-Know Travel Tips for Visiting New Zealand

    Adventure Awaits: Must-Know Travel Tips for Visiting New Zealand

    Introduction to New Zealand

    New Zealand, an island nation located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, is a paradise for adventure seekers and travelers alike. With its stunning landscapes, diverse wildlife, and rich cultural heritage, New Zealand has become a popular destination for tourists from around the world. From the rugged mountains to the pristine beaches, New Zealand offers a unique and unforgettable experience for visitors. In this article, we will explore the must-know travel tips for visiting New Zealand, helping you to make the most of your trip and creating memories that will last a lifetime.

    Planning Your Trip

    Before you embark on your New Zealand adventure, it’s essential to plan your trip carefully. This includes deciding on the best time to visit, booking your flights and accommodation, and researching the activities and attractions you want to experience. New Zealand has a temperate climate, with summer being the peak tourist season. However, if you’re looking for a more relaxed atmosphere and lower prices, consider visiting during the shoulder season, which falls in spring and autumn. When booking your flights, be sure to compare prices and look for deals, as this can help you save money on your travel expenses.

    Must-Visit Destinations

    New Zealand is home to a wide range of exciting destinations, each offering a unique experience for visitors. Some of the must-visit destinations include:

    • Auckland: The city of sails, Auckland is a bustling metropolis with a rich cultural scene, beautiful harbor, and stunning beaches.

    • Rotorua: Located in the heart of the North Island, Rotorua is a city famous for its geothermal hot springs, Maori culture, and adventurous activities like skydiving and bungee jumping.

    • Queenstown: Known as the adventure capital of the world, Queenstown is a popular destination for outdoor enthusiasts, with activities like skiing, hiking, and bungee jumping.

    • Milford Sound: A stunning fjord in Fiordland National Park, Milford Sound is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a must-visit destination for nature lovers.

    • Abel Tasman National Park: Located on the South Island, Abel Tasman National Park is a beautiful coastal reserve with pristine beaches, clear turquoise water, and a range of outdoor activities.

    Getting Around

    New Zealand has a well-developed transportation network, making it easy to get around the country. Some of the most popular ways to travel include:

    • Renting a car: Renting a car gives you the freedom to explore New Zealand at your own pace, and with a range of rental companies to choose from, you’re sure to find a vehicle that suits your needs.

    • Public transportation: New Zealand has an efficient public transportation system, with buses and trains connecting major cities and towns.

    • Flights: If you’re short on time or want to see more of the country, consider taking domestic flights between major cities.

    • Cycling: New Zealand is a cyclist’s paradise, with a range of scenic bike trails and routes to explore.

    Accommodation Options

    New Zealand offers a wide range of accommodation options, from budget-friendly hostels to luxury hotels and resorts. Some popular options include:

    • Hostels: Hostels are a great way to meet other travelers and save money on accommodation.

    • Hotels: Hotels offer a range of amenities, including restaurants, bars, and fitness centers.

    • Resorts: Resorts are perfect for those looking for a luxurious and relaxing experience, with many offering spa facilities, golf courses, and other activities.

    • Holiday homes: Holiday homes are a great option for families or groups, offering a home away from home experience.

    Outdoor Activities

    New Zealand is an outdoor enthusiast’s paradise, with a range of activities to suit all interests and skill levels. Some popular outdoor activities include:

    • Hiking: New Zealand has a range of hiking trails, from easy day walks to multi-day treks.

    • Skiing: The South Island is home to several world-class ski resorts, including Queenstown and Wanaka.

    • Bungee jumping: Queenstown is the adventure capital of the world, and bungee jumping is a must-try activity for thrill seekers.

    • Surfing: New Zealand has a range of surf beaches, from beginner-friendly breaks to challenging reef breaks.

    • Kayaking: Kayaking is a great way to explore New Zealand’s stunning coastline and marine reserves.

    Food and Drink

    New Zealand is famous for its produce, with a range of fresh fruits, vegetables, and seafood available. Some popular local specialties include:

    • Lamb: New Zealand is famous for its lamb, and you’ll find it on menus throughout the country.

    • Fish and chips: Fish and chips are a classic New Zealand takeaway food, with a range of fresh seafood options available.

    • Kumara: Kumara is a type of sweet potato that’s native to New Zealand, and it’s often served as a side dish or used in traditional Maori recipes.

    • Hokey pokey ice cream: Hokey pokey ice cream is a unique New Zealand flavor, featuring small balls of honeycomb toffee in a creamy vanilla ice cream.

    • Sauvignon Blanc: New Zealand is famous for its Sauvignon Blanc wine, with the Marlborough region producing some of the world’s best examples of this varietal.

    Cultural Experiences

    New Zealand has a rich cultural heritage, with a strong focus on Maori culture and history. Some popular cultural experiences include:

    • Maori performances: Maori performances, such as the famous hangi feast and cultural show, are a great way to learn about Maori culture and traditions.

    • Museums: New Zealand has a range of museums, including the Auckland War Memorial Museum and the Te Papa Museum in Wellington.

    • Galleries: Art galleries, such as the Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tamaki, feature a range of local and international artworks.

    • Festivals: New Zealand hosts a range of festivals throughout the year, including the Auckland Arts Festival and the Wellington International Arts Festival.

    Safety Tips

    New Zealand is generally a safe country to visit, but as with any travel destination, it’s essential to take some basic precautions to ensure your safety. Some safety tips include:

    • Be aware of your surroundings: Always be aware of your surroundings, especially in busy cities and tourist areas.

    • Keep valuables secure: Keep your valuables secure, using hotel safes or lockers to store your belongings.

    • Follow local advice: Follow local advice and instructions, especially when participating in outdoor activities or visiting rural areas.

    • Stay healthy: Stay healthy by washing your hands regularly, eating well, and getting enough sleep.

    Conclusion

    New Zealand is a country that has something for everyone, from stunning natural beauty to exciting outdoor activities and rich cultural experiences. By following the must-know travel tips outlined in this article, you’ll be well on your way to creating an unforgettable adventure in this beautiful country. Whether you’re a seasoned traveler or just starting to plan your trip, New Zealand is a destination that’s sure to leave you with lifelong memories.

    FAQs

    Q: What is the best time to visit New Zealand?
    A: The best time to visit New Zealand is during the summer months, from December to February, when the weather is warm and sunny. However, if you’re looking for a more relaxed atmosphere and lower prices, consider visiting during the shoulder season, which falls in spring and autumn.
    Q: Do I need a visa to visit New Zealand?
    A: Citizens of some countries, including the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom, do not need a visa to visit New Zealand. However, it’s always best to check with the New Zealand Immigration website to confirm your visa requirements.
    Q: What is the currency in New Zealand?
    A: The currency in New Zealand is the New Zealand dollar (NZD).
    Q: Can I use credit cards and ATMs in New Zealand?
    A: Yes, credit cards and ATMs are widely available in New Zealand, and you’ll find that most businesses accept major credit cards, including Visa, Mastercard, and American Express.
    Q: Is New Zealand a safe country to visit?
    A: Yes, New Zealand is generally a safe country to visit, with low crime rates compared to other countries. However, as with any travel destination, it’s always a good idea to take some basic precautions to ensure your safety, such as being aware of your surroundings and keeping valuables secure.

  • Finding Peace in Challenging Times with Sharon Salzberg

    Finding Peace in Challenging Times with Sharon Salzberg

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